Matthew 27:39

And they that passed by reviled him, wagging their heads,

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Word by word — the Greek

Word	Greek	Strong’s	Meaning
And	δὲ de	G1161	but · conjunction
by	παραπορευόμενοι paraporeuomenoi	G3899	to travel near · verb — present middle or passive deponent participle, nominative plural masculine
reviled	ἐβλασφήμουν eblasphēmoun	G987	to vilify · verb — imperfect active indicative, 3rd person plural
him	αὐτὸν auton	G846	the reflexive pronoun self · personal pronoun — accusative singular masculine
wagging	κινοῦντες kinountes	G2795	to stir (transitively) · verb — present active participle, nominative plural masculine
their	αὐτῶν autōn	G846	the reflexive pronoun self · personal pronoun — genitive plural masculine
heads	κεφαλὰς kephalas	G2776	the head (as the part most readily taken hold of) · noun — accusative plural feminine

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Psalms 109:25 I became also a reproach unto them: when they looked upon me they shaked their heads.
Lamentations 1:12 Is it nothing to you, all ye that pass by? behold, and see if there be any sorrow like unto my sorrow, which is done unto me, wherewith the…
Job 16:4 I also could speak as ye do: if your soul were in my soul’s stead, I could heap up words against you, and shake mine head at you.
Psalms 22:6-7 But I am a worm, and no man; a reproach of men, and despised of the people.
Psalms 22:17 I may tell all my bones: they look and stare upon me.
Psalms 31:11-13 I was a reproach among all mine enemies, but especially among my neighbours, and a fear to mine acquaintance: they that did see me without f…
Psalms 35:15-21 But in mine adversity they rejoiced, and gathered themselves together: yea, the abjects gathered themselves together against me, and I knew…
Psalms 69:7-12 Because for thy sake I have borne reproach; shame hath covered my face.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Matthew 27:9

Then was fulfilled that which was spoken by Jeremy the prophet, saying-- (Zac 11:12-13). Never was a complicated prophecy, otherwise hopelessly dark, more marvellously fulfilled. Various conjectures have been formed to account for Matthew's ascribing to Jeremiah a prophecy found in the book of Zechariah. But since with this book he was plainly familiar, having quoted one of its most remarkable prophecies of Christ but a few chapters before (Mat 21:4-5), the question is one more of critical interest than real importance. Perhaps the true explanation is the following, from LIGHTFOOT: "Jeremiah of old had the first place among the prophets, and hereby he comes to be mentioned above all the rest…

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John Gill on Matthew 27:39

And they that passed by,.... In the road to or from Jerusalem; for, it seems, the crosses were placed by the wayside; or they who passed by the cross, the populace that came from Jerusalem, on purpose to see the sight, reviled him, or "blasphemed him": they spoke all manner of evil of him, they could think of, to which he answered not a word; and which may teach us patience under the revilings of men: this was foretold of him, Psalm 89:51, "they have reproached the footsteps of thine anointed", or "Messiah"; and which Jarchi explains by "the ends of the king Messiah"; his last times, towards the close of his days; and cites that passage in the Misna (z), "in the heels, or, as Buxtorf rend…

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John Calvin on Matthew 27:39-44

Matthew 27:39-44 Matthew 27:39-44 Mark 15:29-32 Luke 23:35-37, 39-43 39. And they that passed by reviled him, shaking their heads, 40. And saying, Thou who destroyedst the temple, and buildedst it in three days, save thyself; if thou art the Son of God, come down from the cross. 41. In like manner also the chief priests mocking, with the scribes and elders, said, 42. He saved others, himself he cannot save; if he is the King of Israel, let him now descend from the cross, and we will believe him. 43. He trusted in God. Let him deliver him now, if he favors him; for he said, I am the Son of God. 44. The robbers also, who were crucified with him, upbraided him in the same manner. 29. And t…

The Church Fathers

They revile him because they passed by that way, and would not walk in the true way of the Scriptures. They wagged their heads, because they had just before shifted their feet, and stood not upon a rock.
— Jerome ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

Had He then been prevailed on by their taunts to leave the cross, He would not have proved to us the power of endurance; but He waited enduring their mockery; and He who would not come down from the cross, rose again from the tomb.
— Rabanus Maurus ((as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)), Catena Aurea by Aquinas

But nevertheless not even here doth their contumely stop, but after having stripped and crucified Him, and offered Him vinegar, they proceeded still further, and beholding Him impaled upon the cross, they revile Him, both they themselves and the passers by; and this was more grievous than all, that on the charge of being an impostor and deceiver He suffered these things, and as a boaster, and vainly pretending what He said. Therefore they both crucified Him publicly, that they might make a show of it in the sight of all; and therefore also they did it by the hands of the soldiers, that these things being perpetrated even by a public tribunal, the insult might be the greater.
— John Chrysostom, Homily on the Gospel of Matthew 87

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Head · Derision expressed by shaking — Derision expressed by shaking
Infidelity · 1:12; — 1:12;
Malefactors (Criminals) · Crucified with Jesus — Crucified with Jesus
Mocking · The persecutors of Jesus mock him — The persecutors of Jesus mock him
Persecution · OF JESUS — OF JESUS
Prophecies Respecting Christ · Fulfilled — Fulfilled
Reviling · Of Jesus — Of Jesus
Reviling And Reproaching · The wicked utter, against: Christ — The wicked utter, against: Christ
Righteousness · The wicked: Speak contemptuously against those who follow — The wicked: Speak contemptuously against those who follow

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Matthew 27:9

John Gill on Matthew 27:39

John Calvin on Matthew 27:39-44

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Matthew 27:9

John Gill on Matthew 27:39

John Calvin on Matthew 27:39-44

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Matthew 27:38