Micah 4:3

And he shall judge among many people, and rebuke strong nations afar off; and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into pruninghooks: nation shall not lift up a sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any more.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
judge	וְשָׁפַ֗ט ve.sha.Fat	H8199	to judge · conjunction + verb, qal sequential perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
many	רַבִּ֔ים ra.Bim	H7227	abundant (in quantity · adjective, masculine plural absolute
people	עַמִּ֣ים 'a.Mim	H5971	a people (as a congregated unit) · noun, common masculine plural absolute
rebuke	וְהוֹכִ֛יחַ ve.ho.Khi.ach	H3198	to be right (i.e. correct) · conjunction + verb, hiphil sequential perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
strong	עֲצֻמִ֖ים 'a.tzu.Mim	H6099	powerful (specifically · adjective, masculine plural absolute
nations	לְגוֹיִ֥ם le.go.Yim	H1471	a foreign nation · preposition + noun, common masculine plural absolute
off	רָח֑וֹק ra.Chok	H7350	remote · adjective, masculine singular absolute
beat	וְכִתְּת֨וּ ve.khi.te.Tu	H3807	to bruise or violently strike · conjunction + verb, piel sequential perfect, 3rd person common plural
swords	חַרְבֹתֵיהֶ֜ם char.vo.tei.Hem	H2719	drought · noun, common feminine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
plowshares	לְאִתִּ֗ים le.'i.Tim	H855	a hoe or other digging implement · preposition + noun, common masculine plural absolute
spears	וַחֲנִיתֹֽתֵיהֶם֙ va.cha.ni.to.tei.Hem	H2595	a lance (for thrusting · conjunction + noun, common feminine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
pruninghooks	לְמַזְמֵר֔וֹת le.maz.me.Rot	H4211	a pruningknife · preposition + noun, common feminine plural absolute
nation	גּ֤וֹי Goy	H1471	a foreign nation · noun, common masculine singular absolute
up	יִשְׂא֞וּ yis.'U	H5375	to lift · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
sword	חֶ֔רֶב Che.rev	H2719	drought · noun, common feminine singular absolute
nation	גּוֹי֙ goy	H1471	a foreign nation · noun, common masculine singular absolute
learn	יִלְמְד֥וּן yil.me.Dun	H3925	properly · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural + paragogic nun
war	מִלְחָמָֽה mil.cha.Mah	H4421	a battle (i.e. the engagement) · noun, common feminine singular absolute

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Isaiah 2:4 And he shall judge among the nations, and shall rebuke many people: and they shall beat their swords into plowshares, and their spears into…
Joel 3:9-16 Proclaim ye this among the Gentiles; Prepare war, wake up the mighty men, let all the men of war draw near; let them come up:
Matthew 25:31-32 When the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory:
Hosea 2:18 And in that day will I make a covenant for them with the beasts of the field, and with the fowls of heaven, and with the creeping things of…
Acts 17:31 Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath gi…
Psalms 96:13 Before the LORD: for he cometh, for he cometh to judge the earth: he shall judge the world with righteousness, and the people with his truth…
Psalms 98:9 Before the LORD; for he cometh to judge the earth: with righteousness shall he judge the world, and the people with equity.
Psalms 110:5-6 The Lord at thy right hand shall strike through kings in the day of his wrath.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Micah 4:1-7

It is a very comfortable but with which this chapter begins, and very reviving to those who lay the interests of God's church near their heart and are concerned for the welfare of it. When we sometimes see the corruptions of the church, especially of church-rulers, princes, priests, and prophets, seeking their own things and not the things of God, and when we soon after see the desolations of the church, Zion for their sakes ploughed as a field, we are ready to fear that it will one day perish between both, that the name of Israel shall be no more in remembrance; we are ready to give up all for gone, and to conclude the church will have neither root not branch upon earth. But let not our fai…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Micah 4:3

rebuke--convict of sin (Joh 16:8-9); and subdue with judgments (Psa 2:5, Psa 2:9; Psa 110:5-6; Rev 2:27; Rev 12:5). many people . . . strong nations afar off--In Isa 2:4 it is "the nations . . . many people."

Adam Clarke on Micah 4:1

But in the last days it shall come to pass - These four verses contain, says Bp. Newcome, a prophecy that was to be fulfilled by the coming of the Messiah, when the Gentiles were to be admitted into covenant with God, and the apostles were to preach the Gospel, beginning at Jerusalem, Luk 24:47; Act 2:14, etc., when Christ was to be the spiritual Judge and King of many people, was to convince many nations of their errors and vices, and was to found a religion which had the strongest tendency to promote peace. Bp. Lowth thinks that "Micah took this passage from Isaiah;" or the Spirit may have inspired both prophets with this prediction; or both may have copied some common original, the words…

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John Gill on Micah 4:3

And he shall judge among many people, and rebuke strong nations afar off,.... That are in the most distant parts of the world; not only the isles afar off, but the remotest parts of the continent, the American nations found out since. In Isaiah 2:4, it is, "and he shall judge among the nations, and shall rebuke many people"; that is, the King Messiah, as Aben Ezra, Kimchi, and Ben Melech. Some render it, "it shall judge", &c. and interpret it either of the Church, the mountain of the Lord's house; or of the word and doctrine of the Lord; or of the Lord in the church, by the ministry of the word, The phrase, "afar off", is not in Isaiah 2:4; which the Targum interprets "for ever", and the "st…

Dictionary and topics

Coulter — (1 Sam. 13:20, 21), an agricultural instrument, elsewhere called “ploughshare” (Isa. 2:4; Micah 4:3; Joel 3:10). It was the facing-piece of a plough, analogous to the modern coulter.
Hook, Hooks — Various kinds of hooks are noticed in the Bible, of which the following are the most important:
Armies Of Israel, The · Educated in the art of war — Educated in the art of war
Gentiles · PROPHECIES OF THE CONVERSION OF — PROPHECIES OF THE CONVERSION OF
Nation · Promises of peace to — Promises of peace to
Ploughing · Illustrative: Of peace and prosperity — Illustrative: Of peace and prosperity
Plowshare · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Pruning · Pruninghook — Pruninghook
Revivals · .Prophecies concerning — .Prophecies concerning
Spear · Changed into pruning-hooks — Changed into pruning-hooks
Sword · To be beaten into plowshares — To be beaten into plowshares
Sword, The · In time of peace made into plough shares — In time of peace made into plough shares

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Micah 4:3

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Micah 4:1-7

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Micah 4:3

Adam Clarke on Micah 4:1

John Gill on Micah 4:3

Dictionary and topics

Micah 4:3

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Micah 4:1-7

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Micah 4:3

Adam Clarke on Micah 4:1

John Gill on Micah 4:3

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on Micah 4:3

Keil & Delitzsch on Micah 4:1-4

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Micah 4:3

Rashi on Micah 4:3