a year (as a revolution of time) · noun, common feminine singular absolute
bear
וְנָשְׂא֖וּve.na.se.'U
H5375
to lift · conjunction + verb, qal sequential perfect, 3rd person common plural
whoredoms
זְנוּתֵיכֶ֑םze.nu.tei.Khem
H2184
adultery · noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine plural
carcases
פִּגְרֵיכֶ֖םpig.rei.Khem
H6297
a carcase (as limp) · noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine plural
wasted
תֹּ֥םtom
H8552
to complete · verb, qal infinitive construct
wilderness
בַּמִּדְבָּֽרba.mid.Bar
H4057
a pasture (i.e. open field · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Numbers 32:13 And the LORD’s anger was kindled against Israel, and he made them wander in the wilderness forty years, until all the generation, that had d…
Ezekiel 23:35 Therefore thus saith the Lord GOD; Because thou hast forgotten me, and cast me behind thy back, therefore bear thou also thy lewdness and th…
Deuteronomy 2:14 And the space in which we came from Kadesh-barnea, until we were come over the brook Zered, was thirty and eight years; until all the genera…
Psalms 107:40 He poureth contempt upon princes, and causeth them to wander in the wilderness, where there is no way.
Numbers 5:31 Then shall the man be guiltless from iniquity, and this woman shall bear her iniquity.
Numbers 33:38 And Aaron the priest went up into mount Hor at the commandment of the LORD, and died there, in the fortieth year after the children of Israe…
Deuteronomy 1:3 And it came to pass in the fortieth year, in the eleventh month, on the first day of the month, that Moses spake unto the children of Israel…
Joshua 14:10 And now, behold, the LORD hath kept me alive, as he said, these forty and five years, even since the LORD spake this word unto Moses, while…
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Numbers 14:20-35
We have here God's answer to the prayer of Moses, which sings both of mercy and judgment. It is given privately to Moses (Num 14:20-25), and then directed to be made public to the people, Num 14:26-35. The frequent repetitions of the same things in it speak these resolves to be unalterable. Let us see the particulars.
I. The extremity of the sentence is receded from (Num 14:20): "I have pardoned, so as not to cut them all off at once, and disinherit them." See the power of prayer, and the delight God takes in putting an honour upon it. He designed a pardon, but Moses shall have the praise of obtaining it by prayer: it shall be done according to thy word; thus, as a prince, he has power with…
save Caleb . . . and Joshua--These are specially mentioned, as honorable exceptions to the rest of the scouts, and also as the future leaders of the people. But it appears that some of the old generation did not join in the mutinous murmuring, including in that number the whole order of the priests (Jos 14:1).
John Gill on Numbers 14:33
And your children shall wander in the wilderness forty years,.... Or "feed" (b), as shepherds, who go from place to place, and seek fresh pasture for their sheep; it being the custom of a shepherd, as Aben Ezra observes, not to stand or rest in a place; and so like sheep grazing in a wilderness, where they have short commons, and wander about in search, of better. These forty years are to be reckoned from their coming out of Egypt, from whence they had now been come about a year and a half:
and bear your whoredoms; the punishment of their idolatries, which are frequently signified by this phrase, and particularly of the idolatry of the calf, which God threatened to punish whenever he visite…
Numbers 14:10-38
10. But all the congregation bade stone them with stones. And the glory of the Lord appeared in the tabernacle of the congregation before all the children of Israel.
10. Tunc dixit tota multitudo, ut eos lapidibus obruerent: et gloria Jehovae apparuit in tabernaculo conventionis omnibus filiis Israel.
11. And the Lord said unto Moses, How long will this people provoke. me? and how long will it be ere they believe me, for all the signs which! have showed among them?
11. Tunc dixit Jehova ad Mosen, Usquequo vilipendet me populus iste? et usquequo non credent mihi in cunctis signis quae feci in medio eorum?
12. I will smite them with the pestilence, and disinherit them, a…
The Church Fathers
After these things the Lord adds and says: "But your sons shall be dwellers in the desert for forty years." And he declares what mystery this number holds, saying: "According to the number of the days," he says, "in which you examined the land, forty days, a day for a year, you shall receive your sins for forty years." I am afraid to examine the secrets of this mystery; for I see that in this the reckoning of sins and of punishments is comprehended. For if to each sinner a year is assigned for punishment for a single day's sin, and according to the number of the days in which one sins the same number of years must be spent in torments, I fear that perhaps for us, who sin daily and perhaps pass no day of our life without sin, not even the ages themselves, or even the ages of ages, may suffice for paying the penalties. For in the fact that that people is tormented for forty years in the desert for the transgression of forty days, and is not permitted to enter the holy land, a certain likeness of the future judgment seems to be shown, where the reckoning of sins is to be examined — unless perhaps there will be also some compensation from good works, or even from the evils which each one receives in his own life, as Abraham taught concerning Lazarus. But these things it belongs to none to know fully save to him to whom the Father has handed over all judgment. But that a day of sin is reckoned as a year of punishment is shown not only in this book, in which there is nothing at all that can be doubted, but also in the little book of the Shepherd, if indeed that writing seems to anyone worthy to be received, similar things are indicated. But perhaps someone may deny that it befits the goodness of God to repay a year of punishments for a single day's sin; nay rather he will say that, even if he repays a day for a day, though just, yet he does not seem to be clement or kindly. Hear, then, in answer to these things, if perchance we may be able to explain the difficulty of the matter by clearer examples. If a wound is inflicted on the body, or a bone is broken, or the joining of the sinews is dissolved, such wounds are wont to befall bodies within the space of a single hour, and afterward, with very many torments and pains endured, are scarcely healed over a long time; for how great swellings arise in the place, how great torments are generated? But now, if it should…
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Dictionary and topics
Caleb — A dog. (1.) One of the three sons of Hezron of the tribe of Judah. He is also called Chelubai (1 Chr. 2:9). His descendants are enumerated (18-20, 42-49). (2.) A “son of Hur, the firstborn of…
Kadesh — Holy, or Kadesh-Barnea, sacred desert of wandering, a place on the south-eastern border of Palestine, about 165 miles from Horeb. It lay in the “wilderness” or “desert of Zin” (Gen. 14:7; Num.…
Kadesh, Kadeshbarnea — (Kadesh means holy ; it is the same word as the Arabic name of Jerusalem, el-Khuds . Barnea means, desert of wandering.) This place, the scene of Miriam’s death, was the farthest point which the…
Wandering — Of the Israelites in the wilderness in consequence of their rebellious fears to enter the Promised Land (Num. 14:26-35). They wandered for forty years before they were permitted to cross the Jordan…
Afflictions · God determines the continuance of — God determines the continuance of
Afflictions And Adversities · . — .
Dead, The · Terms used to express: Carcases — Terms used to express: Carcases
Desert, Journey Of Israel Through The · Continued forty years: As a punishment — Continued forty years: As a punishment
Heredity · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Infidelity · General scriptures concerning — General scriptures concerning
Jews, The · In the desert forty years — In the desert forty years
Sentence upon the Murmuring Congregation. - After the Lord had thus declared to Moses in general terms His resolution to punish the incorrigible people, and not suffer them to come to Canaan, He proceeded to tell him what announcement he was to make to the people.
Num 14:27
This announcement commences in a tone of anger, with an aposiopesis, "How long this evil congregation" (sc., "shall I forgive it," the simplest plan being to supply אשּׂא, as Rosenmller suggests, from Num 14:18), "that they murmur against Me?"
Num 14:28-31
Jehovah swore that it should happen to the murmurers as they had spoken. Their corpses should fall in the desert, even all who had been numbered, from twenty years old…
Israel’s disobedience brought on the consequences they feared would come from obeying.
Rashi on Numbers 14:33
ארבעים שנה [AND YOUR CHILDREN SHALL WANDER IN THE DESERT] FORTY YEARS — None of them was to die younger than 60 years old (Bava Batra 121b). For this reason a period of forty years was decreed for their wanderings in order that those who were at that time 20 years old (and only those from twenty years old and upwards came under this decree; cf. v. 29) should reach the age of sixty (the average age of man; cf. Moed Katan 28a and Tosefta Yoma 4:10. s. v. ומיתה). The first year that they were in the wilderness was included in the forty although it preceded the sending forth of the spies (which took place in the second year), because from the moment they made the Golden Calf this decree entered…
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
