Numbers 22:20 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
Numbers 22:20
And God came unto Balaam at night, and said unto him, If the men come to call thee, rise up, and go with them; but yet the word which I shall say unto thee, that shalt thou do.
gods in the ordinary sense · noun, common masculine plural absolute
came
וַיָּבֹ֨אvai.ya.Vo'
H935
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Balaam
בִּלְעָם֮bil.'Am
H1109
Bilam · proper noun, a man's name
night
לַיְלָה֒lay.Lah
H3915
properly · noun, common masculine singular absolute
said
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרvai.Yo.mer
H559
to say (used with great latitude) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
men
הָאֲנָשִׁ֔יםha.'a.na.Shim
H582
a man in general (singly or collectively) · definite article + noun, common masculine plural absolute
come
בָּ֣אוּBa.'u
H935
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications) · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person common plural
call
לִקְרֹ֤אlik.Ro'
H7121
to call out to (i.e. properly · preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct
up
ק֖וּםkum
H6965
to rise (in various applications · verb, qal imperative, 2nd person masculine singular
go
יָלַךְyâlak
H3212
to walk (literally or figuratively)
yet
וְאַ֗ךְve.'Akh
H389
a particle of affirmation · conjunction + adverb
word
הַדָּבָ֛רha.da.Var
H1697
a word · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
say
אֲדַבֵּ֥ר'a.da.Ber
H1696
perhaps properly · verb, piel imperfect, 1st person common singular
do
תַעֲשֶֽׂהta.'a.Seh
H6213
to do or make · verb, qal imperfect, 2nd person masculine singular
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Numbers 23:12 And he answered and said, Must I not take heed to speak that which the LORD hath put in my mouth?
Numbers 23:26 But Balaam answered and said unto Balak, Told not I thee, saying, All that the LORD speaketh, that I must do?
Numbers 24:13 If Balak would give me his house full of silver and gold, I cannot go beyond the commandment of the LORD, to do either good or bad of mine o…
Numbers 22:35 And the angel of the LORD said unto Balaam, Go with the men: but only the word that I shall speak unto thee, that thou shalt speak. So Balaa…
2 Thessalonians 2:9-12 Even him, whose coming is after the working of Satan with all power and signs and lying wonders,
Numbers 23:5 And the LORD put a word in Balaam’s mouth, and said, Return unto Balak, and thus thou shalt speak.
Numbers 23:16 And the LORD met Balaam, and put a word in his mouth, and said, Go again unto Balak, and say thus.
1 Samuel 8:5-9 And said unto him, Behold, thou art old, and thy sons walk not in thy ways: now make us a king to judge us like all the nations.
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Numbers 22:15-21
We have here a second embassy sent to Balaam, to fetch him over to curse Israel. It were well for us if we were as earnest and constant in prosecuting a good work, notwithstanding disappointments, as Balak was in pursuing this ill design. The enemies of the church are restless and unwearied in their attempts against it; but he that sits in heaven laughs at them. Observe,
I. The temptation Balak laid before Balaam. He contrived to make this assault more vigorous than the former. It is very probable that he sent double money in the hands of his messengers; but, besides that, now he tempted him with honours, laid a bait not only for his covetousness, but for his pride and ambition. How earnestl…
tarry ye also here this night, that I may know what the Lord will say unto me more--The divine will, as formerly declared, not being according to his desires, he hoped by a second request to bend it, as he had already bent his own conscience, to his ruling passions of pride and covetousness. The permission granted to Balaam is in accordance with the ordinary procedure of Providence. God often gives up men to follow the impulse of their own lusts; but there is no approval in thus leaving them to act at the prompting of their own wicked hearts (Jos 13:27).
John Gill on Numbers 22:20
And the Lord came unto Balaam at night,.... As before, Numbers 22:9 it may be in a dream; the Targum of Jonathan is as there,"a word came from the Lord:"
and said unto him, if the men come and call thee, rise up, and go with them; this was said, as some think, not seriously, but sarcastically, or rather in an angry manner, bidding him go, if he would; so giving him up to his own heart's lusts, or, at most; only permitting him to go with them, but not to curse Israel; and this permission to go seems to be on this condition, if the princes first called him, and were urgent on him to go with them: this was a trial of Balaam, whether he would be eager and forward to go, or patiently wait until…
This Balaam, as we said above, was a diviner, foreknowing things to come sometimes by the ministry of demons and by magic art. He is asked by King Balak to curse the people of Israel; envoys come, they carry instruments of divination in their hands, the nations stand astonished and anxious, awaiting what Balaam may answer, of whom they were persuaded that he was held worthy of divine conversations. See now how wisdom makes this vessel, prepared unto dishonor, to profit unto the usefulness not only of one nation, but of almost the whole world, and to this man, to whom demons were accustomed to appear, God appears, forbidding the journey of the evil work. Balaam is amazed and marvels at the authority of the one forbidding; for it was not usual for evil to be displeasing to demons. But meanwhile he sends back the envoys, saying that he cannot do anything except the word which God should give in his mouth. The envoys return again, again he inquires, again he is troublesome, again he desires to hear; for one who is greedy does not easily lack an eye to reward. What, then, does he hear a second time from God? "If these men came to call you," he says, "arise and go with them." In which indeed God yields to the will of his greed, that what is written may be fulfilled: "he let them go according to the desire of their heart, they shall go in their own wills," yet nevertheless the counsel of the divine dispensation is fulfilled; for it is said to him: "the word, whatever I shall give in your mouth, this you shall speak." If Balaam had been worthy, God would have placed his word not in his mouth, but in his heart. But now, since in his heart there was the desire of reward and the greed of money, the word of God is placed not in his heart, but in his mouth. For a wondrous and great dispensation was being carried out, that, since the words of the prophets, which were contained within the court of Israel, could not reach the nations, through Balaam, in whom faith was held by all the nations, the secret mysteries concerning Christ might become known also to the nations, and he might carry a great treasure to the nations, borne not so much by heart and understanding as by mouth and speech. But that we may not delay over each point—for there is no time for all things to be resolved—Balaam, having mounted his donkey, went along the way; an angel met him, that one without…
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Dictionary and topics
Desert, Journey Of Israel Through The · Balaam not permitted to curse Israel — Balaam not permitted to curse Israel
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
John Calvin on Numbers 22:20-21
And God came to Balaam at, night. Although God is far from being deceitful, still hypocrites with their quibbles deserve that He should delude their craft. If we more closely consider the desire of Balaam, it was that God should belie Himself. For, if he was persuaded that He was truthful, what else was there to be hoped except that he should ratify His reply ten times over? Nevertheless, he wickedly lies to God, when he asks for a permission to go, which would convict God Himself of capriciousness and inconstancy. God, therefore, ironically permits what He had before forbidden. If any should deem it to be absurd that God, who is truth itself, should speak deceptively, the answer is easily f…
The rapid defeat of the two mighty kings of the Amorites filled the Moabites with such alarm at the irresistible might of Israel, that Balak their king, with the princes of Midian, sought to bring the powers of heathen magic to bear against the nation of God; and to this end he sent messengers with presents to Balaam, the celebrated soothsayer, in Mesopotamia, who had the reputation of being able both to bless and curse with great success, to entreat him to come, and so to weaken the Israelites with his magical curses, that he might be able to smite them, and drive them out of his land (Num 22:1-7). At first Balaam declined this invitation, in consequence of divine instructions (Num 22:8-14)…
Balaam agreed to inquire about the Lord’s wishes one more time. God allowed him to accompany Balak’s representatives but admonished him to do exactly what God commanded (cp. 22:35).
Rashi on Numbers 22:20
אם לקרא לך IF [THE MEN COME] TO CALL THEE — If the call be for you, for your benefit, and you think to take a fee for it.
קום לך אתם ARISE, GO WITH THEM, ואך BUT, in spite of yourself, את הדבר אשר אדבר אליך אתו תעשה THE WORD WHICH I SHALL SPEAK TO THEE, THAT SHALL YOU DO, and, nevertheless, Balaam went (as it is stated in the next verse), for he said: perhaps I may persuade Him and He will agree that I should curse.