Numbers 23:24 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
Numbers 23:24
Behold, the people shall rise up as a great lion, and lift up himself as a young lion: he shall not lie down until he eat of the prey, and drink the blood of the slain.
a people (as a congregated unit) · noun, common masculine singular absolute
up
יָק֔וּםya.Kum
H6965
to rise (in various applications · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
lion
כְּלָבִ֣יאke.la.Vi'
H3833
to roar · preposition + noun, common masculine singular absolute
up
יִתְנַשָּׂ֑אyit.na.Sa'
H5375
to lift · verb, hithpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
lion
וְכַאֲרִ֖יve.kha.'a.Ri
H738
a lion · conjunction + preposition + noun, common masculine singular absolute
down
יִשְׁכַּב֙yish.Kav
H7901
to lie down (for rest · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
eat
יֹ֣אכַלYo.khal
H398
to eat (literally or figuratively) · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
prey
טֶ֔רֶףTe.ref
H2964
something torn · noun, common masculine singular absolute
drink
יִשְׁתֶּֽהyish.Teh
H8354
to imbibe (literally or figuratively) · verb, qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
blood
וְדַםve.dam-
H1818
blood (as that which when shed causes death) of man or… · conjunction + noun, common masculine singular construct
slain
חֲלָלִ֖יםcha.la.Lim
H2491
pierced (especially to death) · adjective, masculine plural absolute
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Genesis 49:27 Benjamin shall ravin as a wolf: in the morning he shall devour the prey, and at night he shall divide the spoil.
Genesis 49:9 Judah is a lion’s whelp: from the prey, my son, thou art gone up: he stooped down, he couched as a lion, and as an old lion; who shall rouse…
Numbers 24:8-9 God brought him forth out of Egypt; he hath as it were the strength of an unicorn: he shall eat up the nations his enemies, and shall break…
Numbers 24:17 I shall see him, but not now: I shall behold him, but not nigh: there shall come a Star out of Jacob, and a Sceptre shall rise out of Israel…
Zechariah 12:6 In that day will I make the governors of Judah like an hearth of fire among the wood, and like a torch of fire in a sheaf; and they shall de…
Revelation 5:5 And one of the elders saith unto me, Weep not: behold, the Lion of the tribe of Juda, the Root of David, hath prevailed to open the book, an…
Deuteronomy 33:20 And of Gad he said, Blessed be he that enlargeth Gad: he dwelleth as a lion, and teareth the arm with the crown of the head.
Psalms 17:12 Like as a lion that is greedy of his prey, and as it were a young lion lurking in secret places.
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Numbers 23:13–end
Here is, I. Preparation made the second time, as before, for the cursing of Israel. 1. The place is changed, Num 23:13. Balak fancied that Balaam, having so full a prospect of the whole camp of Israel, from the top of the rocks (Num 23:9), was either so enamoured with the beauty of it that he would not curse them or so affrighted with the terror of it that he durst not; and therefore he would bring him to another place, form which he might see only some part of them, which would appear more despicable, and that part at least which would lie in view he hoped he might obtain leave to curse, and so by degrees he should get ground against them, intending, no doubt, if he had gained this point, t…
Surely there is no enchantment against Jacob--No art can ever prevail against a people who are under the shield of Omnipotence, and for whom miracles have been and yet shall be performed, which will be a theme of admiration in succeeding ages.
John Gill on Numbers 23:24
Behold, the people shall rise up as a great lion,.... Or rather, "as the lioness" (n), which, as Aelianus says (o), is the strongest and most warlike beast, the most fierce and furious, as is believed both by Greeks and Barbarians; and he mentions the heroism of Perdiccas the Macedonian, and Semiramis the Assyrian, in engaging with and killing, not the lion or leopard, but lioness:
and shall lift up himself as a young lion; both phrases denoting the courage and strength of the people of Israel, in attacking their enemies and engaging them:
he shall not lie down; being once roused up and engaged in war:
until he eat of the prey, and drink the blood of the slain; as the lion does when it ha…
Behold, the people shall rise up as a great lion. This comparison is not in every respect accurate; for it does not signify that the Israelites should be cruel or rapacious, but merely bold and strong, and prompt in their resistance if any should provoke them. In the next chapter, it will occur again with a slight change in the words. What Balaam here predicates generally of the whole people, is applied in the blessings of Jacob to the tribe of Judah alone, (Genesis 49:9,) because it especially excelled in bravery. The sum is, that however the people of Israel might be attacked on every side, it should be endued with invincible fortitude, to overcome all assaults, or to repel them vigorously…
The Church Fathers
After this: "Behold," it says, "a people shall rise up like a lion's cub, and shall exult like a lion." In these words he seems to me to describe the confidence of the people believing in Christ, and the freedom which it has in faith, and the exultation which it bears in hope. For it is compared to a lion's cub while it presses toward perfection, glad and swift; but it is likened to a lion when it now obtains the things that are perfect. For just as the lion and the lion's cub fear no animal, no beast, but all things are subjected to them, so also to the perfect Christian, who takes up his cross and follows Christ, who can say: "For to me the world is crucified, and I to the world," all things are subjected, all things are trodden underfoot. For he despises and scorns all things that are in this world, and imitates him who is called the lion of the tribe of Judah and the lion's cub, because, just as he himself is the light of the world and gave to his disciples that they too should be the light of the world, so also, since he himself is a lion and a lion's cub, he ascribes to those who believe in him the name of lion and lion's cub. But see that these things are evidently said not about that people which existed then, but about this people which was to be; for it says: "Behold, a people shall rise up like a lion's cub, and shall exult like a lion." He says the people that was to be would rise up. For if he were speaking of the one he was seeing, he would doubtless have said: "Behold, a people has risen up like a lion's cub." But it is certain that he speaks of that people, of which it is also written in the Psalms: "And they shall announce his righteousness to a people that shall be born, whom the Lord has made." This people, then, is a lion's cub while, still like newly born infants, they desire the reasonable and guileless milk; but a lion exulting, when, having become a man, it has put away the things that were of a little child.
"It shall not sleep until it devours the prey, and drinks the blood of the slain." In these words, who will be so contentious a champion of the historical narrative — nay rather, who will be found so brutish — as not to flee, shuddering at the sound of the letter, by very necessity to the sweetness of allegory? For how will this people, so praiseworthy, so magnificent, of which the discourse recounts such great praises, come to this, that it should drink the blood of the slain — when the eating of blood is forbidden by God with such strong precepts, so that even we who have been called from the gentiles are necessarily commanded to abstain, just as from the things sacrificed to idols, so also from blood? Let them tell us, then, who is this people that has the practice of drinking blood. These were the things which, hearing them in the Gospel also, those who followed the Lord from among the Jews were scandalized and said: "Who can eat flesh and drink blood?" But the Christian people, the faithful people, hears these things and embraces them and follows him who says: "Unless you eat my flesh and drink my blood, you will not have life in yourselves; for my flesh is truly food, and my blood is truly drink." And indeed, he who said these things was wounded for men; for "he himself was wounded for our sins," as Isaiah says. But we are said to drink the blood of Christ not only by the rite of the sacraments, but also when we receive his words, in which life consists, just as he himself says: "The words which I have spoken are spirit and life." He himself, then, is the wounded one, whose blood we drink — that is, whose words of doctrine we receive. But those too were no less wounded who preached his word to us; for when we read the words of them also — that is, of his apostles — and gain life from them, we drink the blood of the slain. "It shall not," it says, "sleep until it devours the prey." For this people, which is compared to a lion's cub or a lion, will not rest nor sleep until it seizes the prey — that is, until it plunders the kingdom of heaven, because "from the days of John the kingdom of heaven suffers violence, and the violent plunder it." But that you may more evidently recognize that these things are written about our people, which is confederated in the sacraments of Christ, hear how Moses too pronounces similar things elsewhere, saying: "Butter of…
Dictionary and topics
Lions — The most powerful of all carnivorous animals. Although not now found in Palestine, they must have been in ancient times very numerous there. They had their lairs in the forests (Jer. 5:6; 12:8; Amos…
Blood · Beasts of prey delight in — Beasts of prey delight in
Pisgah · Balaam prophesies on — Balaam prophesies on
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
The second saying. - "Up, Balak, and hear! Hearken to me, son of Zippor!" קוּם, "stand up," is a call to mental elevation, to the perception of the word of God; for Balak was standing by his sacrifice (Num 23:17). האזין with עד, as in Job 32:11, signifies a hearing which presses forward to the speaker, i.e., in keen and minute attention (Hengstenberg). בּנו, with the antiquated union vowel for בּן; see at Gen 1:24.
Num 23:19
"God is not a man, that He should lie; nor a son of man, that He should repent: hath He said, and should He not do it? and spoken, and should not carry it out?"
Num 23:20
"Behold, I have received to bless: and He hath blessed; and I cannot turn it." Balaam meets Balak's…
No curse could succeed against Israel because they had been blessed (22:12; cp. Gen 12:2-3; 22:17-18). Israel was safe from the harm that Moab and Midian sought to inflict through divination (cp. Num 24:1); Israel would become famous because God protected them from harm (see Josh 2:9-11; cp. Num 14:13-19).
Rashi on Numbers 23:24
הן עם כלביא יקום וגו׳ BEHOLD, THE PEOPLE RISES AS A LIONESS, etc. — When they rise from their sleep in the morning they show themselves strong as a lioness and as a lion to “snatch at” the Divine precepts (to perform them immediately) — to clothe themselves with the Tallith, to read the Shema and to lay Tephillin (cf. Midrash Tanchuma, Balak 14).
לא ישכב HE LIES NOT DOWN at night on his bed until he consumes (עד יאכל) and destroys every noxious thing which comes to prey upon him (טרף). How so? He reads the Shema at his bedside and commends his spirit into the hands of the Omnipresent (Midrash Tanchuma, Balak 14). If a camp or troop comes to injure them, the Holy One, blessed be He, protects…