Numbers 24:1 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
Numbers 24:1
And when Balaam saw that it pleased the LORD to bless Israel, he went not, as at other times, to seek for enchantments, but he set his face toward the wilderness.
to see · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
pleased
בְּעֵינֵ֤יbe.'ei.Nei
H5869
an eye (literally or figuratively) · preposition + noun, common feminine dual construct
LORD
יְהוָה֙Yah.weh
H3068
Jehovah · proper noun, a title
bless
לְבָרֵ֣ךְle.va.Rekh
H1288
to kneel · preposition + verb, piel infinitive construct
Israel
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לYis.ra.'El
H3478
Jisrael · proper noun, a place name
went
הָלַ֥ךְha.Lakh
H1980
to walk (in a great variety of applications · verb, qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular
times
כְּפַֽעַםke.fa.'am-
H6471
a stroke · preposition + noun, common feminine singular absolute
seek
קִרְאָהqirʼâh
H7125
an encountering
enchantments
נְחָשִׁ֑יםne.cha.Shim
H5173
an incantation or augury · noun, common masculine plural absolute
set
וַיָּ֥שֶׁתvai.Ya.shet
H7896
to place (in a very wide application) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
face
פָּנָֽיוpa.Nav
H6440
the face (as the part that turns) · noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine singular
wilderness
הַמִּדְבָּ֖רha.mid.Bar
H4057
a pasture (i.e. open field · definite article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Numbers 23:23 Surely there is no enchantment against Jacob, neither is there any divination against Israel: according to this time it shall be said of Jac…
Numbers 22:13 And Balaam rose up in the morning, and said unto the princes of Balak, Get you into your land: for the LORD refuseth to give me leave to go…
Numbers 23:3 And Balaam said unto Balak, Stand by thy burnt offering, and I will go: peradventure the LORD will come to meet me: and whatsoever he shewet…
Numbers 23:15 And he said unto Balak, Stand here by thy burnt offering, while I meet the Lord yonder.
Numbers 23:20 Behold, I have received commandment to bless: and he hath blessed; and I cannot reverse it.
Numbers 23:28 And Balak brought Balaam unto the top of Peor, that looketh toward Jeshimon.
Numbers 31:16 Behold, these caused the children of Israel, through the counsel of Balaam, to commit trespass against the LORD in the matter of Peor, and t…
Revelation 2:14 But I have a few things against thee, because thou hast there them that hold the doctrine of Balaam, who taught Balac to cast a stumblingblo…
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Numbers 24:1-9
The blessing itself which Balaam here pronounces upon Israel is much the same with the two we had in the foregoing chapter; but the introduction to it is different.
I. The method of proceeding here varies much in several instances. 1. Balaam laid aside the enchantments which he had hitherto depended on, used no spells, or charms, or magic arts, finding they did him no service; it was to no purpose to deal with the devil for a curse, when it was plain that God was determined immovably to bless, Num 24:1. Sooner or later God will convince men of their folly in seeking after lying vanities, which cannot profit. To what purpose should he seek for enchantment? He knew that God was out of the reac…
And when Balsam saw that it pleased the Lord to bless Israel,.... That it was good in his sight, what he approved of, and was well-pleasing to him, and that it was his determined mind that Israel should be blessed, and not cursed, from which there was no turning him, by offering sacrifices to him, and much less by his sorceries and divinations:
he went not as at other times; or, "as at a time in a time" (q), at two times, of which see Numbers 23:3, he abode in the place where the sacrifices were offered, and did not depart to another at some distance, as he had twice before done:
to seek for enchantments; which it seems he used before, for he not only offered sacrifices to the true God, wh…
And when Balaam saw that it pleased the Lord. It is evident that Balaam, in order to gratify the wicked king for the sake of the reward, endeavored by various shifts and expedients to obtain an answer in accordance with his wishes. Thus do the wicked seek to propitiate God by delusive means, just as we soothe children by coaxing. And God for some time allowed him [163] to gloat upon his fallacious oracle. He now, however, lays closer constraint upon him, and, breaking off all delay, dictates an answer, which He compels him to deliver. For his obedience is not here praised as if, when he understood the will of God, he yielded voluntarily and abandoned his monstrous cupidity; but, because now…
The Church Fathers
Now, in order that He might be shown to have together in Himself at once the nature of God and that of man,-as the apostle, too, says: "Mediator between God and men, the man Christ Jesus. Now a mediator is not of one man, but two," -it was therefore necessary that Christ, in becoming the Mediator between God and men, should receive from both an earnest of some kind, that He might appear as the Mediator between two distinct persons.
But what follows? "And Balaam," it says, "seeing that it was good in the sight of the Lord to bless Israel, did not go according to his custom to meet the omens, but turned his face to the wilderness. And Balaam, lifting up his eyes, beheld Israel encamped by tribes; and the Spirit of God came upon him. And taking up his parable he said." It might perhaps be asked from what source Balaam saw that it was good in the sight of the Lord to bless Israel, and one will suppose that he understood it from the sacrifices which he had offered. For when he saw that no demon was present, that no contrary power dared to stand by his victims, that all the ministers of wickedness whom he was accustomed to employ for cursing had been shut out, he could from these things have understood that it was good in the sight of the Lord to bless Israel. Yet I understand rather this: that that people, which is now empty, and those teachers, who not believing in Christ hold the people fast in emptiness, will one day see — that is, in the last days when the fullness of the Gentiles has come in and all Israel begins to come to faith in Christ. Those, I say, who now having eyes do not see, will then see. For they will lift up their eyes to loftier and spiritual meanings, and they will see and understand that it is good in the sight of the Lord to bless the spiritual Israel. For they will see him arranged by tribes and by houses and by families, and each one in his own order attaining the glory of the resurrection, and taking up their parable they will understand the things that are written in parables, which now, because of the veil that is placed over their heart, they neither see nor understand. Finally, "he did not go," it says, "according to his custom to meet the omens"; for he will not, according to his accustomed manner, be carried away by foolish and empty notions in considering the will of God in dumb animals and cattle, like those who gather auguries from such things, but he too will recognize that God has no care for oxen, and likewise none for sheep or for birds or for other animals, but that if anything about these has been written, he will understand it to have been written for the sake of human beings.
Dictionary and topics
Enchantments — (1.) The rendering of Hebrew latim_ or _lehatim, which means “something covered,” “muffled up;” secret arts, tricks (Ex. 7:11, 22; 8:7, 18), by which the Egyptian magicians imposed on the credulity…
High Places · Enchantments used upon — Enchantments used upon
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
Unlike previously (23:3, 15), Balaam did not resort to divination this time. He already knew that auguries and omens could not harm Israel (23:23), so he quit looking for them. Instead, Balaam was directly inspired by the Spirit of God.
Rashi on Numbers 24:1
וירא בלעם כי טוב וגו׳ AND BALAAM SAW THAT IT WAS GOOD, etc. He said: I do not need to put the Holy One, blessed be He, to a further test for it is evident that He does not wish to curse them.
ולא הלך כפעם בפעם HE WENT NOT, AS AT OTHER TIMES — as he had already done twice.
לקראת נחשים TO SEEK SEEK FOR ENCHANTMENTS — to practise enchantments whereby the Lord might perhaps come to meet him according to his (Balaam’s) wish. He said: Whether He wishes or does not wish to curse them, I will make mention of their sins, and the curse will fall upon them at the mention of their sins, therefore —
וישת אל המדבר פניו HE SET HIS FACE TOWARDS THE WILDERNESS — Understand this as the Targum has it (Rashi…