five · conjunction + preposition + cardinal number, both genders singular absolute
day
י֛וֹםYom
H3117
a day (as the warm hours) · noun, common masculine singular absolute
month
לַחֹ֥דֶשׁla.Cho.desh
H2320
the new moon · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
feast
חָ֑גChag
H2282
a festival · noun, common masculine singular absolute
seven
שִׁבְעַ֣תshiv.'At
H7651
seven (as the sacred full one) · cardinal number, both genders singular construct
days
יָמִ֔יםya.Mim
H3117
a day (as the warm hours) · noun, common masculine plural absolute
bread
מַצּ֖וֹתma.Tzot
H4682
properly · noun, common feminine plural absolute
eaten
יֵאָכֵֽלye.'a.Khel
H398
to eat (literally or figuratively) · verb, niphal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
Leviticus 23:6 And on the fifteenth day of the same month is the feast of unleavened bread unto the LORD: seven days ye must eat unleavened bread.
Exodus 23:15 Thou shalt keep the feast of unleavened bread: (thou shalt eat unleavened bread seven days, as I commanded thee, in the time appointed of th…
Exodus 12:15-17 Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread; even the first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses: for whosoever eateth leavened brea…
Exodus 13:6 Seven days thou shalt eat unleavened bread, and in the seventh day shall be a feast to the LORD.
Exodus 34:18 The feast of unleavened bread shalt thou keep. Seven days thou shalt eat unleavened bread, as I commanded thee, in the time of the month Abi…
Deuteronomy 16:3-8 Thou shalt eat no leavened bread with it; seven days shalt thou eat unleavened bread therewith, even the bread of affliction; for thou cames…
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Numbers 28:16–end
Here is, I. The appointment of the pass-over sacrifices; not that which was the chief, the paschal lamb (sufficient instructions had formerly been given concerning that), but those which were to be offered upon the seven days of unleavened bread, which followed it, Num 28:17-25. The first and last of those seven days were to be sanctified as sabbaths, by a holy rest and a holy convocation, and on each of the seven days they were to be liberal in their sacrifices, in token of their great and constant thankfulness for their deliverance out of Egypt: Two bullocks, a ram, and seven lambs. A gospel conversation, in gratitude for Christ our passover who was sacrificed, is called the keeping of thi…
in the fourteenth day of the first month is the passover--The law for that great annual festival is given (Lev 23:5), but some details are here introduced, as certain specified offerings are prescribed to be made on each of the seven days of unleavened bread [Num 28:18-25].
John Gill on Numbers 28:17
And in the fifteenth day of this month is the feast,.... Not of the passover, that was the day before, but of unleavened bread, which began on this day, and lasted seven days, Leviticus 23:6 which is what the Jews call the Chagigah:
seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten; see Exodus 12:15.
John Calvin on Numbers 28:16–end
Numbers 28:16-31
16. And in the fourteenth day of the first month is the passover of the LORD.
16. Mense autem primo decima quarta die mensis, Pesah est Jehovae.
17. And in the fifteenth day of this month is the feast: seven days shall unleavened bread be eaten.
17. Et in decimo quinto die mensis hujus solennitas: septem diebus panis infermentatorum comedetur.
18. In the first day shall be an holy convocation; ye shall do no manner of servile work therein:
18. Die primo convocatio sancta erit: omne servile non facietis.
19. But ye shall offer a sacrifice made by fire for a burnt offering unto the LORD; two young bullocks, and one ram, and seven lambs of the first year: they shall be…
The Church Fathers
After this, indeed joined continuously to it, follows the festival of the unleavened bread, which you will rightly celebrate if you drive out every leaven of malice from your soul and keep the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth. For it is not to be supposed that Almighty God writes laws for men about leaven, and for that reason commands the soul to be exterminated from the people, if perchance it is found to have had in its house any little bit of this leaven from the sprinkled flour; and that such care was a matter of great concern to the divine Majesty, that He should say Himself so greatly offended on account of this leaven, that He commands the soul which He Himself made to His own image and likeness to be exterminated and overthrown on this account — this does not seem to me an understanding worthy of the divine laws; but rather it is this, at which God shudders and rightly shudders, if the soul be leavened with the spirit of malice, of anger, of wickedness, and swell up to shameful deeds. These God does not wish to be in the soul, and unless we cast out such leaven from the house of our soul, we shall deservedly be exterminated. But do not despise it, even if you see a small malice being leavened within you, because a little leaven corrupts the whole lump; and therefore do not be negligent even of a small sin, since from one sin another too is generated. For just as from justice justice is generated, and from chastity chastity — for if anyone first begins to be chaste in a slight degree, having received the leaven of chastity he becomes daily more chaste — so also he who has once stored up within himself even a small leaven of malice becomes daily more wicked and worse than himself. And therefore, if you wish to keep the festival of unleavened bread with God, do not suffer even a small leaven of malice to remain within you.
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Dictionary and topics
Flour — Grain reduced to the form of meal is spoken of in the time of Abraham (Gen. 18:6). As baking was a daily necessity, grain was also ground daily at the mills (Jer. 25:10). The flour mingled with water…
Passover — The name given to the chief of the three great historical annual festivals of the Jews. It was kept in remembrance of the Lord’s passing over the houses of the Israelites (Ex. 12:13) when the first…
Pentecost — I.e., “fiftieth”, found only in the New Testament (Acts 2:1; 20:16; 1 Cor. 16:8). The festival so named is first spoken of in Ex. 23:16 as “the feast of harvest,” and again in Ex. 34:22 as “the day…
Sin Offering — The sin offering among the Jews was the sacrifice in which the ideas of propitiation and of atonement for sin were most distinctly marked. The ceremonial of the sin offering is described in Levi 4…
Sin-offering — (Heb. hattath), the law of, is given in detail in Lev. 4-6:13; 9:7-11, 22-24; 12:6-8; 15:2, 14, 25-30; 14:19, 31; Num. 6:10-14. On the day of Atonement it was made with special solemnity (Lev. 16:5,…
Bullock · .For sacrifice — .For sacrifice
Passover · Institution of — Institution of
Sanitation · REST COMMAN — REST COMMAN
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
The same number of sacrifices as at the new moon were to be offered on every one of the seven days of the feast of unleavened bread (Mazzoth), from the 15th to the 21st of the month, whereas there was no general festal offering on the day of the Passover, or the 14th of the month (Exo 12:3-14). With regard to the feast of Mazzoth, the rule is repeated from Exo 12:15-20 and Lev 23:6-8, that on the first and seventh day there was to be a Sabbath rest and holy meeting.
Tyndale Open Study Notes on Numbers 28:16-25
The Passover, followed by the Festival of Unleavened Bread, was the first of five great annual festivals; it was held in early spring (March~April). The Passover required no public sacrifices—it was a family occasion celebrated at home (see also 9:1-4; Exod 12:1–13:10; Lev 23:5-8; Deut 16:1-8). This festival played a special role in the background of the Last Supper (see Matt 26:17-19, 26-27; Mark 14:12; John 11:55; 12:1; 13:1; 18:28, 39; 19:14, 31; cp. 1 Cor 5:7).
Rashi on Numbers 28:15
ושעיר עזים וגו׳ AND ONE KID OF THE GOATS [FOR A SIN OFFERING] — All goats brought as additional offerings are intended to atone for those sins committed by causing uncleanness to the Sanctuary or its holy things, — all as is set forth in Treatise Shevuot 9a. The goat of the New Moon differs from other goats brought as additional offerings in the fact that the word לה׳ is stated of it: that it is a sin offering to the Lord. The Halachic explanation of this is: it is to teach you that it only makes atonement for uncleanness where there is no consciousness of having caused it either before or after it has been done (cf. Rashi on Leviticus 16:16 and Note thereon), so that no one is cognisant of…
