Numbers 31:19

And do ye abide without the camp seven days: whosoever hath killed any person, and whosoever hath touched any slain, purify both yourselves and your captives on the third day, and on the seventh day.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
abide	חֲנ֛וּ cha.Nu	H2583	properly · verb, qal imperative, 2nd person masculine plural
without	מִח֥וּץ mi.Chutz	H2351	properly · preposition + noun, common masculine singular construct
camp	לַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה la.ma.cha.Neh	H4264	an encampment (of travellers or troops) · preposition with the article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
seven	שִׁבְעַ֣ת shiv.'At	H7651	seven (as the sacred full one) · cardinal number, both genders singular construct
days	יָמִ֑ים ya.Mim	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · noun, common masculine plural absolute
killed	הֹרֵ֨ג ho.Reg	H2026	to smite with deadly intent · verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
person	נֶ֜פֶשׁ Ne.fesh	H5315	properly · noun, common feminine singular absolute
touched	נֹגֵ֣עַ no.Ge.a'	H5060	properly · verb, qal active participle, masculine singular absolute
slain	בֶּֽחָלָ֗ל be.cha.Lal	H2491	pierced (especially to death) · preposition with the article + adjective, masculine singular absolute
purify	תִּֽתְחַטְּא֞וּ tit.cha.te.'U	H2398	properly · verb, hithpael imperfect, 2nd person masculine plural
captives	וּשְׁבִיכֶֽם u.she.vi.Khem	H7628	exiled · conjunction + noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine plural
third	הַשְּׁלִישִׁי֙ ha.she.li.Shi	H7992	third · definite article + ordinal number, masculine singular absolute
day	בַּיּ֤וֹם bai.Yom	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
seventh	הַשְּׁבִיעִ֔י ha.she.vi.'I	H7637	seventh · definite article + ordinal number, masculine singular absolute
day	וּבַיּ֣וֹם u.vai.Yom	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · conjunction + preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Numbers 5:2 Command the children of Israel, that they put out of the camp every leper, and every one that hath an issue, and whosoever is defiled by the…
Numbers 19:11-22 He that toucheth the dead body of any man shall be unclean seven days.
1 Chronicles 22:8 But the word of the LORD came to me, saying, Thou hast shed blood abundantly, and hast made great wars: thou shalt not build an house unto m…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Numbers 31:19

abide without the camp seven days: whosoever hath killed any person . . . purify both yourselves and your captives--Though the Israelites had taken the field in obedience to the command of God, they had become defiled by contact with the dead. A process of purification was to be undergone, as the law required (Lev 15:13; Num 19:9-12), and this purifying ceremony was extended to dress, houses, tents, to everything on which a dead body had lain, which had been touched by the blood-stained hands of the Israelitish warriors, or which had been the property of idolaters. This became a standing ordinance in all time coming (Lev 6:28; Lev 11:33; Lev 15:12).

John Gill on Numbers 31:19

And do ye abide without the camp seven days..... Which was the time that anyone that touched a dead body remained unclean, Numbers 19:11, whosoever hath killed any person; as most of them if not all must have done; all the males of Midian that fell into their hands being slain by them, that were men grown: and whosoever hath touched any slain; as they must to strip them of their garments, and take their spoil from them: purify both yourselves and your captives, on the third and on the seventh day; which were the days appointed for the purification of such that were polluted by touching dead bodies, Numbers 19:11 and their captives, which were the female little ones; (for as for the women,…

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John Calvin on Numbers 31:19-24

And do ye abide without the camp seven days. We have elsewhere seen, [209] that, if any one had touched a dead body, he was accounted unclean. Moses, by now extending the ceremony of expiation to lawful homicide, intimates how carefully we ought to abstain from shedding human blood. It was required of the Israelites that they should strenuously advance through the midst of carnage; but, inasmuch as it is in a manner contrary to the order of nature that men should be killed by men, as if they were raging against their own bowels, God would have some vestiges of humanity preserved even in just punishments, so as to put a restraint upon all cruelty in the abstract. Nor is it without cause that…

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Dictionary and topics

Wars of the Lord, The Book of the — (Num. 21:14, 15), some unknown book so called (comp. Gen. 14:14-16; Ex. 17:8-16; Num. 14:40-45; 21:1-3, 21-25, 33-35; 31. The wars here recorded might be thus designated).
Armies Of Israel, The · Purified on returning from war — Purified on returning from war
Captive · .Putting to — .Putting to
Defilement · .Touching the — .Touching the
Desert, Journey Of Israel Through The · Midianites destroyed and Balaam slain — Midianites destroyed and Balaam slain
Purification · For those who had recently killed — For those who had recently killed
Sanitation · CONTAGION — CONTAGION

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Numbers 31:19

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Numbers 31:19

John Gill on Numbers 31:19

John Calvin on Numbers 31:19-24

Dictionary and topics

Numbers 31:19

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Numbers 31:19

John Gill on Numbers 31:19

John Calvin on Numbers 31:19-24

Dictionary and topics

Keil & Delitzsch on Numbers 31:19-20

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Numbers 31:19-24

Rashi on Numbers 31:19