Revelation 12:13

And when the dragon saw that he was cast unto the earth, he persecuted the woman which brought forth the man child.

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Word by word — the Greek

Word	Greek	Strong’s	Meaning
And	Καὶ Kai	G2532	and · conjunction
when	ὅτε hote	G3753	at which (thing) too · conjunction
dragon	δράκων drakōn	G1404	a fabulous kind of serpent (perhaps as supposed to fasc… · noun — nominative singular masculine
saw	εἶδεν eiden	G1492	used only in certain past tenses · verb — second aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular
that	ὅτι hoti	G3754	demonstrative · conjunction
cast	ἐβλήθη eblēthē	G906	to throw (in various applications · verb — aorist passive indicative, 3rd person singular
unto	εἰς eis	G1519	to or into (indicating the point reached or entered) · preposition
earth	γῆν, gēn	G1093	soil · noun — accusative singular feminine
persecuted	ἐδίωξεν ediōxen	G1377	compare the base of G1169 (δειλός) and G1249 (διάκονος)) · verb — aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular
woman	γυναῖκα gunaika	G1135	a woman · noun — accusative singular feminine
which	ἥτις hētis	G3748	which some · relative pronoun — nominative singular feminine
forth	ἔτεκεν eteken	G5088	to produce (from seed · verb — second aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular
man	ἄρσενα. arsena	G730	male (as stronger for lifting) · adjective — accusative singular masculine

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Genesis 3:15 And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his hee…
John 16:33 These things I have spoken unto you, that in me ye might have peace. In the world ye shall have tribulation: but be of good cheer; I have ov…
Revelation 12:3-5 And there appeared another wonder in heaven; and behold a great red dragon, having seven heads and ten horns, and seven crowns upon his head…
Psalms 37:12-14 The wicked plotteth against the just, and gnasheth upon him with his teeth.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Revelation 12:12–end

We have here an account of this war, so happily finished in heaven, or in the church, as it was again renewed and carried on in the wilderness, the place to which the church had fled, and where she had been for some time secured by the special care of her God and Saviour. Observe, I. The warning given of the distress and calamity that should fall upon the inhabitants of the world in general, through the wrath and rage of the devil. For, though his malice is chiefly bent against the servants of God, yet he is an enemy and hater of mankind as such; and, being defeated in his designs against the church, he is resolved to give all the disturbance he can to the world in general: Woe to the inhabi…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Revelation 12:13

Resuming from Rev 12:6 the thread of the discourse, which had been interrupted by the episode, Rev 12:7-12 (giving in the invisible world the ground of the corresponding conflict between light and darkness in the visible world), this verse accounts for her flight into the wilderness (Rev 12:6).

Adam Clarke on Revelation 12:13

And when the dragon saw that he was cast unto the earth - When the heathen party saw that they were no longer supported by the civil power: - He persecuted the woman which brought forth the man child - The heathens persecuted the Christian Church in the behalf of which Divine Providence had raised up a dynasty of Christian Roman emperors.

John Gill on Revelation 12:13

And when the dragon saw that he was cast unto the earth,.... When the devil perceived he had not the power in the Roman empire he formerly had; and that his influence was only over the common and meaner sort of people, or over the earthly part of the church, and the barbarous nations in the world: he persecuted the woman which brought forth the man child: he was enraged at the church, and pursued her with great wrath, who had brought forth a Christian emperor, by whom the kingdom of Christ was encouraged and supported in the empire; and because he could not come at this child to destroy it, that being caught up to God and to his throne, he attacks the woman, the church, in a new way, by sti…

The Church Fathers

And when the dragon saw that he was cast down to the earth, etc. The devil, attacking the Church with inextricable cunning, persecutes all the more intensely the more he is cast down.
— Bede, Commentary on Revelation

As we said before, the devil carries on a hatred against the church that is without bounds and with all means. For the more he is defeated and is expelled, the more sharply does he try to multiply his deceptions.
— Primasius of Hadrumetum, COMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE 12:13

When the devil wrestled with Christ after his baptism, he was overcome. Then arming himself against the holy apostles, he was again shamed when he saw that they found life through death, while as a snake he had been condemned to crawl upon the ground and to eat dirt, that is, earthly thoughts. He then began to persecute the church, for it has borne and continues to bear the masculine people of God which is not womanly because of desire.
— Andreas of Caesarea, COMMENTARY ON THE APOCALYPSE 12:13-14

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Adultery — Conjugal infidelity. An adulterer was a man who had illicit intercourse with a married or a betrothed woman, and such a woman was an adulteress. Intercourse between a married man and an unmarried…

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Revelation 12:12–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Revelation 12:13

Adam Clarke on Revelation 12:13

John Gill on Revelation 12:13

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Revelation 12:12–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Revelation 12:13

Adam Clarke on Revelation 12:13

John Gill on Revelation 12:13

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Revelation 12:13