Song of Solomon 6:10

Who is she that looketh forth as the morning, fair as the moon, clear as the sun, and terrible as an army with banners?

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
forth	הַנִּשְׁקָפָ֖ה ha.nish.ka.Fah	H8259	properly · definite article + verb, niphal active participle, feminine singular absolute
morning	שָׁ֑חַר Sha.char	H7837	dawn (literal · noun, common masculine singular absolute
fair	יָפָ֣ה ya.Fah	H3303	beautiful (literally or figuratively) · adjective, feminine singular absolute
moon	כַלְּבָנָ֗ה kha.le.va.Nah	H3842	properly · preposition with the article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
clear	בָּרָה֙ ba.Rah	H1249	beloved · adjective, feminine singular absolute
sun	כַּֽחַמָּ֔ה ka.cha.Mah	H2535	heat · preposition with the article + noun, common feminine singular absolute
terrible	אֲיֻמָּ֖ה 'a.yu.Mah	H366	frightful · adjective, feminine singular absolute
banners	כַּנִּדְגָּלֽוֹת ka.nid.ga.Lot	H1713	to flaunt · preposition with the article + verb, niphal active participle, feminine plural absolute

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Song of Solomon 6:4 Thou art beautiful, O my love, as Tirzah, comely as Jerusalem, terrible as an army with banners.
Revelation 12:1 And there appeared a great wonder in heaven; a woman clothed with the sun, and the moon under her feet, and upon her head a crown of twelve…
Job 31:26 If I beheld the sun when it shined, or the moon walking in brightness;
2 Samuel 23:4 And he shall be as the light of the morning, when the sun riseth, even a morning without clouds; as the tender grass springing out of the ea…
Song of Solomon 3:6 Who is this that cometh out of the wilderness like pillars of smoke, perfumed with myrrh and frankincense, with all powders of the merchant?
Isaiah 58:8 Then shall thy light break forth as the morning, and thine health shall spring forth speedily: and thy righteousness shall go before thee; t…
Matthew 17:2 And was transfigured before them: and his face did shine as the sun, and his raiment was white as the light.
Ephesians 5:27 That he might present it to himself a glorious church, not having spot, or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy and withou…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

John Gill on Song of Solomon 6:10

Who is she that looketh forth as the morning?.... These words may be connected with the preceding, by a supplement of the word "saying"; and so may express what the daughters said, when they blessed and praised the church, wondering at her beauty, it being like the rising morning; so Helena is said to show her beautiful face, as the morning, when it springs forth (n): there was a city in the tribe of Reuben, called Zarethshahar, the beauty or splendour of the morning, Joshua 13:19. Homer often describes the morning by her rosy fingers (o), and as clothed with a saffron garment (p), and as beautiful and divine (q), and fair haired (r); and as on a golden throne and beautiful (s). And as thes…

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Tyndale Open Study Notes on Song of Solomon 6:10

The poem ends as it began in 6:4: The woman’s majesty, like an army with billowing banners in full display, makes the knees knock and the heart flutter.

Rashi on Song of Solomon 6:10

Who is this that gazes down. Upon us, [looking] from a high place to a low place is called “הַשְׁקָפָה.” So is the Beis Hamikdosh higher than all lands.21See Maseches Kiddushin 69a. Like the [breaking] dawn. Which gradually illuminates little by little; so were the [Bnei] Yisroel during the second Beis Hamikdosh. In the beginning, Zerubavel was the governor of Yehudah, but not a king, and they were subjugated to Persia and to Greece, but afterwards, the house of Chashmonai defeated them and they became kings. Awesome as the hosts [of angels]. Awesome with her mighty men like the bannered legions of kings. All this the Holy One, Blessed Is He, praises the congregation of Yisroel, [beginning…

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Henry, Jamieson-Fausset-Brown, Clarke, Gill, Calvin and Keil & Delitzsch are in the public domain; Tyndale Open Study Notes © Tyndale House Publishers, CC BY-SA 4.0 — all from the Free Use Bible API (bible.helloao.org). Rashi: the Rosenbaum & Silbermann Pentateuch (public domain) and the Judaica Press and Metsudah Tanakh (CC BY), via Sefaria. Spurgeon's Treasury of David: public domain (lyteword's markdown edition, CC0).

The Church Fathers

The church is the sun and the moon and the stars, to which it was said, "Fair as the moon, bright as the sun." By it our Joseph is adored in this world as in Egypt, when he is raised from humble to high estate.
— Augustine of Hippo, LETTER 199:39

The bride, however, is not only "like a special moon," but also she will shine in the future life "like a sun," astounding all with its brightness. They will marvel not only at her light but also at her orderliness. There is nothing disordered about the Lord's bride, nothing undetermined; she gives practical directions like a kind of plumb line, and regulates her own life by use of norm and rule.
— Theodoret of Cyrus, COMMENTARY ON THE SONG OF SONGS 6

You are properly compared to this figure since you raise up your precious head from all the nations, and you conduct the souls of the just, like exceptional lights to the kingdom above. You are a pyramid filled with heavenly corn, the blessed gathering of saints from many nations, a bright assembly of clear minds, an indestructible building made of living stones, the eternal happiness of all the blessed, brighter than the sun, whiter than snow, without stain, without wrinkle. It is written about you in Song of Songs: "Who is she who comes forth, rising like the dawn, beautiful as the moon, as exceptional as the sun, terrible as an army arrayed for battle?"
— Cassiodorus, EXPOSITION OF THE PSALMS, PREFACE 17

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Banner — (1.) The flag or banner of the larger kind, serving for three tribes marching together. These standards, of which there were four, were worked with embroidery and beautifully ornamented (Num. 1:52;…
Moon — Heb. yareah, from its paleness (Ezra 6:15), and lebanah, the “white” (Cant. 6:10; Isa. 24:23), was appointed by the Creator to be with the sun “for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years”…
Armies · Illustrative of: The Church — Illustrative of: The Church
Moon · Its light — Its light
Moon, The · Described as: Fair — Described as: Fair
Morning · Illustrative: (Breaking forth,) of the glory of the church — Illustrative: (Breaking forth,) of the glory of the church
Standard · Banners used as — Banners used as
Sun, The · Clearness of its light alluded to — Clearness of its light alluded to

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).