John 19:17

And he bearing his cross went forth into a place called the place of a skull, which is called in the Hebrew Golgotha:

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Word by word — the Greek

Word	Greek	Strong’s	Meaning
And	καὶ kai	G2532	and · conjunction
bearing	βαστάζων bastazōn	G941	to lift · verb — present active participle, nominative singular masculine
his	αὐτός autós	G846	the reflexive pronoun self
cross	σταυρὸν stauron	G4716	a stake or post (as set upright) · noun — accusative singular masculine
forth	ἐξῆλθεν exēlthen	G1831	to issue (literally or figuratively) · verb — second aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular
into	εἰς eis	G1519	to or into (indicating the point reached or entered) · preposition
place	τόπον, topon	G5117	a spot (general in space · noun — accusative singular masculine, a place
called	λεγόμενον legomenon	G3004	properly · verb — present passive participle, accusative singular masculine
skull	κρανίου kraniou	G2898	a skull ("cranium") · noun — genitive singular neuter, a place
which	ὃ ho	G3739	the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun · relative pronoun — nominative singular neuter
called	λέγεται legetai	G3004	properly · verb — present passive indicative, 3rd person singular
Hebrew	Ἑβραϊστὶ Hebraisti	G1447	Hebraistically or in the Jewish (Chaldee) language · adverb — a title
Golgotha	Γολγοθα, Golgotha	G1115	the skull · noun — nominative singular feminine, a place

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Luke 23:33 And when they were come to the place, which is called Calvary, there they crucified him, and the malefactors, one on the right hand, and the…
Luke 14:27 And whosoever doth not bear his cross, and come after me, cannot be my disciple.
Luke 23:26 And as they led him away, they laid hold upon one Simon, a Cyrenian, coming out of the country, and on him they laid the cross, that he migh…
Mark 15:32 Let Christ the King of Israel descend now from the cross, that we may see and believe. And they that were crucified with him reviled him.
Acts 7:58 And cast him out of the city, and stoned him: and the witnesses laid down their clothes at a young man’s feet, whose name was Saul.
Hebrews 13:11-13 For the bodies of those beasts, whose blood is brought into the sanctuary by the high priest for sin, are burned without the camp.
Leviticus 16:21-22 And Aaron shall lay both his hands upon the head of the live goat, and confess over him all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and al…
Leviticus 24:14 Bring forth him that hath cursed without the camp; and let all that heard him lay their hands upon his head, and let all the congregation st…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on John 19:16-18

We have here sentence of death passed upon our Lord Jesus, and execution done soon after. A mighty struggle Pilate had had within him between his convictions and his corruptions; but at length his convictions yielded, and his corruptions prevailed, the fear of man having a greater power over him than the fear of God. I. Pilate gave judgment against Christ, and signed the warrant for his execution, Joh 19:16. We may see here, 1. How Pilate sinned against his conscience: he had again and again pronounced him innocent, and yet at last condemned him as guilty. Pilate, since he came to be governor, had in many instances disobliged and exasperated the Jewish nation; for he was a man of a haughty a…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on John 19:17

CRUCIFIXION AND DEATH OF THE LORD JESUS. (Joh 19:17-30) And he bearing his cross--(See on Luk 23:26). went forth--Compare Heb 13:11-13, "without the camp"; "without the gate." On arriving at the place, "they gave Him vinegar to drink mingled with gall [wine mingled with myrrh, Mar 15:23], and when He had tasted thereof, He would not drink" (Mat 27:34). This potion was stupefying, and given to criminals just before execution, to deaden the sense of pain. Fill high the bowl, and spice it well, and pour The dews oblivious: for the Cross is sharp, The Cross is sharp, and He Is tenderer than a lamb. KEBLE. But our Lord would die with every faculty clear, and in full sensibility to a…

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Adam Clarke on John 19:17

Bearing his cross - He bore it all alone first; when he could no longer carry the whole through weakness, occasioned by the ill usage he had received, Simon, a Cyrenian, helped him to carry it: see the note on Mat 27:32. Golgotha - See on Mat 27:33 (note).

John Gill on John 19:17

And he bearing his cross,.... Which was usual for malefactors to do, as Lipsius (i) shows out of Artemidorus, and Plutarch; the former says, "the cross is like to death, and he that is to be fixed to it, first bears it;'' and the latter says, "and everyone of the malefactors that are punished in body, "carries out his own cross".'' So Christ, when he first went out to be crucified, carried his cross himself, until the Jews, meeting with Simon the Cyrenian, obliged him to bear it after him; that is, one part of it; for still Christ continued to bear a part himself: of this Isaac was a type, in carrying the wood on his shoulders for the burnt offering; and this showed that Christ was made…

The Church Fathers

" Of course on His body that "wood" was put; for so Christ has revealed, calling His body "bread," whose body the prophet in bygone days announced under the term "bread.
— Tertullian, An Answer to the Jews

When Christ was condemned, they laid his cross on him. However, on the way out to Golgotha, they met Simon of Cyrene and transferred it on to him. In this way there is no disagreement among the Evangelists.
— Theodore of Mopsuestia, COMMENTARY ON JOHN 7.19.17

Accordingly, to begin with, Isaac, when led by his father as a victim, and himself bearing his own "wood," was even at that early period pointing to Christ's death; conceded, as He was, as a victim by the Father; carrying, as He did, the "wood" of His own passion.
— Tertullian, An Answer to the Jews

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Encamp — An encampment was the resting-place for a longer or shorter period of an army or company of travellers (Ex. 13:20; 14:19; Josh. 10:5; 11:5). The manner in which the Israelites encamped during their…
Golgotha — The common name of the spot where Jesus was crucified. It is interpreted by the evangelists as meaning “the place of a skull” (Matt. 27:33; Mark 15:22; John 19:17). This name represents in Greek…
Humiliation of Christ — (Phil. 2:8), seen in (1) his birth (Gal. 4:4; Luke 2:7; John 1:46; Heb. 2:9), (2) his circumstances, (3) his reputation (Isa. 53; Matt. 26:59, 67; Ps. 22:6; Matt. 26:68), (4) his soul (Ps. 22:1;…
Myrrh — Heb. mor. (1.) First mentioned as a principal ingredient in the holy anointing oil (Ex. 30:23). It formed part of the gifts brought by the wise men from the east, who came to worship the infant Jesus…
Simon — The abbreviated form of Simeon. (1.) One of the twelve apostles, called the Canaanite (Matt. 10:4; Mark 3:18). This word “Canaanite” does not mean a native of Canaan, but is derived from the Syriac…
Calvary · Al — Al
Cross · .Jesus — .Jesus
Gates · Criminals generally punished without — Criminals generally punished without
Golgotha · The Aramaic name of the place where Jesus was crucified — The Aramaic name of the place where Jesus was crucified

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).

John 19:17

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on John 19:16-18

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on John 19:17

Adam Clarke on John 19:17

John Gill on John 19:17

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

John 19:17

Word by word — the Greek

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on John 19:16-18

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on John 19:17

Adam Clarke on John 19:17

John Gill on John 19:17

The Church Fathers

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on John 19:17-22

Tyndale Open Study Notes on John 19:17