Joshua 10:5

Therefore the five kings of the Amorites, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, the king of Eglon, gathered themselves together, and went up, they and all their hosts, and encamped before Gibeon, and made war against it.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
five	חֲמֵ֣שֶׁת cha.Me.shet	H2568	five · cardinal number, both genders singular construct
kings	מַלְכֵ֣י mal.Khei	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine plural construct
Amorites	הָאֱמֹרִ֗י ha.'e.mo.Ri	H567	an Emorite · definite article + noun, gentilic masculine singular absolute
king	מֶ֣לֶךְ Me.lekh	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Jerusalem	יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם ye.ru.sha.Lim	H3389	Jerushalaim or Jerushalem · proper noun, a place name
king	מֶֽלֶךְ Me.lekh-	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Hebron	חֶבְר֤וֹן chev.Ron	H2275	Chebron · proper noun, a place name
king	מֶֽלֶךְ Me.lekh-	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Jarmuth	יַרְמוּת֙ yar.Mut	H3412	Jarmuth · proper noun, a place name
king	מֶֽלֶךְ Me.lekh-	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Lachish	לָכִ֣ישׁ la.Khish	H3923	Lakish · proper noun, a place name
king	מֶֽלֶךְ Me.lekh-	H4428	a king · noun, common masculine singular construct
Eglon	עֶגְל֔וֹן eg.Lon	H5700	Eglon · proper noun, a place name
together	וַיֵּאָסְפ֨וּ vai.ye.'a.se.Fu	H622	to gather for any purpose · conjunction + verb, niphal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
up	וַֽיַּעֲל֜וּ vai.ya.'a.Lu	H5927	to ascend · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
hosts	מַֽחֲנֵיהֶ֑ם ma.cha.nei.Hem	H4264	an encampment (of travellers or troops) · noun, common masculine singular construct + pronominal suffix, 3rd person masculine plural
encamped	וַֽיַּחֲנוּ֙ vai.ya.cha.Nu	H2583	properly · conjunction + verb, qal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural
Gibeon	גִּבְע֔וֹן giv.'on	H1391	Gibon · proper noun, a place name
war	וַיִּֽלָּחֲמ֖וּ vai.yi.la.cha.Mu	H3898	to feed on · conjunction + verb, niphal sequential imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Genesis 15:16 But in the fourth generation they shall come hither again: for the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet full.
Numbers 13:29 The Amalekites dwell in the land of the south: and the Hittites, and the Jebusites, and the Amorites, dwell in the mountains: and the Canaan…
Joshua 9:1-2 And it came to pass, when all the kings which were on this side Jordan, in the hills, and in the valleys, and in all the coasts of the great…
Joshua 10:6 And the men of Gibeon sent unto Joshua to the camp to Gilgal, saying, Slack not thy hand from thy servants; come up to us quickly, and save…
Isaiah 8:9-10 Associate yourselves, O ye people, and ye shall be broken in pieces; and give ear, all ye of far countries: gird yourselves, and ye shall be…

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Joshua 10:1-6

Joshua and the hosts of Israel had now been a good while in the land of Canaan, and no great matters were effected; they were made masters of Jericho by a miracle, of Ai by stratagem, and of Gibeon by surrender, and that was all; hitherto the progress of their victories had not seemed proportionable to the magnificence of their entry and the glory of their beginnings. Those among them that were impatient of delays, it is probable, complained of Joshua's slowness, and asked why they did not immediately penetrate into the heart of the country, before the enemy could rally their forces to make head against them, why they stood trifling, while they were so confident both of their title and of th…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 10:5

the five kings of the Amorites--The settlement of this powerful and warlike tribe lay within the confines of Moab; but having also acquired extensive possessions on the southwest of the Jordan, their name, as the ruling power, seems to have been given to the region generally (Sa2 21:2), although Hebron was inhabited by Hittites or Hivites (Jos 11:19), and Jerusalem by Jebusites (Jos 15:63).

Adam Clarke on Joshua 10:5

The five kings of the Amorites - This is a general name for the inhabitants of Canaan, otherwise called Canaanites; and it is very likely that they had this appellation because the Amorites were the most powerful tribe or nation in that country. The inhabitants of Jerusalem were Jebusites, Jos 15:63; those of Hebron were Hittites, Gen 23:2, Gen 23:3; Gen 25:9, Gen 25:10; and the Gibeonites were Hivites, Jos 9:7; and yet all these are called Amorites occasionally, probably for the reason already mentioned, viz., because that tribe was most numerous and powerful.

John Gill on Joshua 10:5

Therefore the five kings of the Amorites,.... For though they were chiefly Hittites that dwelt in Hebron, and Jebusites who inhabited Jerusalem; yet as the Amorites were the most powerful people in the land, and had dispersed themselves in the several parts of it, and seem to have the greatest authority in it, they were all called Amorites, and perhaps the kings of those cities were of them, and set over them by them; so we find that the Gibeonites, who were Hivites, are said to be of the remnant of the Amorite, 2 Samuel 21:2, the king of Jerusalem, the king of Hebron, the king of Jarmuth, the king of Lachish, the king of Eglon, gathered themselves together, and went up, they, and all their…

Dictionary and topics

Adoni-zedec — Lord of justice or righteousness, was king in Jerusalem at the time when the Israelites invaded Palestine (Josh. 10:1, 3). He formed a confederacy with the other Canaanitish kings against the…
Adonizedek — (lord of justice), the Amorite king of Jerusalem who organized a league with four other Amorite princes against Joshua. The confederate kings having laid siege to Gibeon, Joshua marched to the relief…
Encamp — An encampment was the resting-place for a longer or shorter period of an army or company of travellers (Ex. 13:20; 14:19; Josh. 10:5; 11:5). The manner in which the Israelites encamped during their…
Encampment — primarily denoted the resting-place of an army or company of travellers at night, (Genesis 32:21; Exodus 16:13) and was hence applied to the army or caravan when on its march. (Genesis 32:7,8; Exodus…
Hoham — Jehovah impels, the king of Hebron who joined the league against Gibeon. He and his allies were defeated (Josh. 10:3, 5, 16-27).
Jarmuth — Height. (1.) A town in the plain of Judah (Josh. 15:35), originally the residence of one of the Canaanitish kings (10:3, 5, 23). It has been identified with the modern Yarmuk, a village about 7 miles…
Jebusites — The name of the original inhabitants of Jebus, mentioned frequently among the seven nations doomed to destruction (Gen. 10:16; 15:21; Ex. 3:8, 17; 13:5, etc.). At the time of the arrival of the…
Lachish — Impregnable, a royal Canaanitish city in the Shephelah, or maritime plain of Palestine (Josh. 10:3, 5; 12:11). It was taken and destroyed by the Israelites (Josh. 10:31-33). It afterwards became,…
Adoni-Zedek · A king of — A king of
Amorites · Territory of — Territory of
Amorites, The · Western kings of, confederated against Israel

Joshua 10:5

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Joshua 10:1-6

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 10:5

Adam Clarke on Joshua 10:5

John Gill on Joshua 10:5

Dictionary and topics

Joshua 10:5

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Joshua 10:1-6

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Joshua 10:5

Adam Clarke on Joshua 10:5

John Gill on Joshua 10:5

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on Joshua 10:1-14

Keil & Delitzsch on Joshua 10:5

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Joshua 10:5