Leviticus 23:40

And ye shall take you on the first day the boughs of goodly trees, branches of palm trees, and the boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook; and ye shall rejoice before the LORD your God seven days.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
take	וּלְקַחְתֶּ֨ם u.le.kach.Tem	H3947	to take (in the widest variety of applications) · conjunction + verb, qal sequential perfect, 2nd person masculine plural
first	הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן ha.ri.Shon	H7223	first · definite article + ordinal number, masculine singular absolute
day	בַּיּ֣וֹם bai.Yom	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · preposition with the article + noun, common masculine singular absolute
boughs	פְּרִ֨י pe.Ri	H6529	fruit (literally or figuratively) · noun, common masculine singular construct
goodly	הָדָר֙ ha.Dar	H1926	magnificence · noun, common masculine singular absolute
trees	עֵ֤ץ 'etz	H6086	a tree (from its firmness) · noun, common masculine singular construct
branches	כַּפֹּ֣ת ka.Pot	H3709	the hollow hand or palm (so of the paw of an animal · noun, common feminine plural construct
palm	תְּמָרִ֔ים te.ma.Rim	H8558	a palm tree · noun, common masculine plural absolute
boughs	וַעֲנַ֥ף va.'a.Naf	H6057	a twig (as covering the limbs) · conjunction + noun, common masculine singular construct
thick	עָבֹ֖ת 'a.Vot	H5687	intwined · adjective, masculine singular absolute
trees	עֵץ 'etz-	H6086	a tree (from its firmness) · noun, common masculine singular absolute
willows	וְעַרְבֵי ve.'ar.vei-	H6155	a willow (from the use of osiers as wattles) · conjunction + noun, common masculine plural construct
brook	נָ֑חַל Na.chal	H5158	a stream · noun, common masculine singular absolute
rejoice	וּשְׂמַחְתֶּ֗ם u.se.mach.Tem	H8055	probably to brighten up · conjunction + verb, qal sequential perfect, 2nd person masculine plural
before	לִפְנֵ֛י lif.Nei	H6440	the face (as the part that turns) · preposition + noun, common masculine plural construct
LORD	יְהוָ֥ה Yah.weh	H3068	Jehovah · proper noun, a title
God	אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם 'e.lo.hei.Khem	H430	gods in the ordinary sense · noun, common masculine plural construct + pronominal suffix, 2nd person masculine plural
seven	שִׁבְעַ֥ת shiv.'At	H7651	seven (as the sacred full one) · cardinal number, both genders singular construct
days	יָמִֽים ya.Mim	H3117	a day (as the warm hours) · noun, common masculine plural absolute

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

Philippians 4:4 Rejoice in the Lord alway: and again I say, Rejoice.
Revelation 7:9 After this I beheld, and, lo, a great multitude, which no man could number, of all nations, and kindreds, and people, and tongues, stood bef…
Matthew 21:8 And a very great multitude spread their garments in the way; others cut down branches from the trees, and strawed them in the way.
Deuteronomy 16:14-15 And thou shalt rejoice in thy feast, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy manservant, and thy maidservant, and the Levite, the stran…
John 12:13 Took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna: Blessed is the King of Israel that cometh in the name of the Lo…
Nehemiah 8:14-17 And they found written in the law which the LORD had commanded by Moses, that the children of Israel should dwell in booths in the feast of…
Isaiah 35:10 And the ransomed of the LORD shall return, and come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their heads: they shall obtain joy and gladn…
John 16:22 And ye now therefore have sorrow: but I will see you again, and your heart shall rejoice, and your joy no man taketh from you.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Leviticus 23:33–end

We have here, I. The institution of the feast of tabernacles, which was one of the three great feasts at which all the males were bound to attend, and celebrated with more expressions of joy than any of them. 1. As to the directions for regulating this feast, observe, (1.) It was to be observed on the fifteenth day of the seventh month (Lev 23:34), but five days after the day of atonement. We may suppose, though they were not all bound to attend on the day of atonement, as on the three great festivals, yet that many of the devout Jews came up so many days before the feast of tabernacles as to enjoy the opportunity of attending on the day of atonement. Now, [1.] The afflicting of their souls…

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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Leviticus 23:34

the feast of tabernacles, for seven days unto the Lord--This festival, which was instituted in grateful commemoration of the Israelites having securely dwelt in booths or tabernacles in the wilderness, was the third of the three great annual festivals, and, like the other two, it lasted a week. It began on the fifteenth day of the month, corresponding to the end of our September and beginning of October, which was observed as a Sabbath; and it could be celebrated only at the place of the sanctuary, offerings being made on the altar every day of its continuance. The Jews were commanded during the whole period of the festival to dwell in booths, which were erected on the flat roofs of houses,…

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Adam Clarke on Leviticus 23:40

Boughs of goodly trees - The Jews and many critics imagine the citron-tree to be intended, and by boughs of thick tree the myrtle.

John Gill on Leviticus 23:40

And ye shall take you the boughs of goodly trees,.... Which the three Targums interpret, of citrons; and so Jarchi and Aben Ezra; and the Jews are so tenacious of observing this, that in those countries where this fruit grows not, they will send for it from Spain, where there is plenty of it: the Targum of Jonathan, paraphrases it, "ye shall take of yours"; suggesting these boughs must be their own, or the bundle of them, with others they call the "lulab", must be their own property, and not another's; though it is said (u), if it is a gift it will do, even though it is given on condition to be returned again: branches of palm trees: which were very common in the land of Judea, and especial…

Dictionary and topics

Date — The fruit of a species of palm (q.v.), the Phoenix dactilifera. This was a common tree in Palestine (Joel 1:12; Neh. 8:15). Palm branches were carried by the Jews on festive occasions, and especially…
Festivals, Religious — There were daily (Lev. 23), weekly, monthly, and yearly festivals, and great stress was laid on the regular observance of them in every particular (Num. 28:1-8; Ex. 29:38-42; Lev. 6:8-23; Ex. 30:7-9;…
Goodly trees — Boughs of, were to be carried in festive procession on the first day of the feast of Tabernacles (Lev. 23:40). This was probably the olive tree (Neh. 8:15), although no special tree is mentioned.
Law of Moses — Is the whole body of the Mosaic legislation (1 Kings 2:3; 2 Kings 23:25; Ezra 3:2). It is called by way of eminence simply “the Law” (Heb. Torah, Deut. 1:5; 4:8, 44; 17:18, 19; 27:3, 8). As a written…
Palm tree — (Heb. tamar), the date-palm characteristic of Palestine. It is described as “flourishing” (Ps. 92:12), tall (Cant. 7:7), “upright” (Jer. 10:5). Its branches are a symbol of victory (Rev. 7:9).…
Tabernacles, Feast of — The third of the great annual festivals of the Jews (Lev. 23:33-43). It is also called the “feast of ingathering” (Ex. 23:16; Deut. 16:13). It was celebrated immediately after the harvest, in the…
Willows — (1.) Heb. ‘arabim (Lev. 23:40; Job 40:22; Isa. 15:7; 44:3, 4; Ps. 137:1, 2). This was supposed to be the weeping willow, called by Linnaeus Salix Babylonica, from the reference in Ps. 137. This tree…
Booth · Tabernacles, to celebrate their wan — Tabernacles, to celebrate their wan
Brooks · Borders of, favourable to: Willows — Borders of, favourable to: Willows
Ethanim · Feast of Tabernacles in — Feast of Tabernacles in

Leviticus 23:40

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Leviticus 23:33–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Leviticus 23:34

Adam Clarke on Leviticus 23:40

John Gill on Leviticus 23:40

Dictionary and topics

Leviticus 23:40

Word by word — the Hebrew

Cross-references

Commentary

Matthew Henry on Leviticus 23:33–end

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown on Leviticus 23:34

Adam Clarke on Leviticus 23:40

John Gill on Leviticus 23:40

Dictionary and topics

John Calvin on Leviticus 23:22–end

Keil & Delitzsch on Leviticus 23:38-43

Tyndale Open Study Notes on Leviticus 23:39

Rashi on Leviticus 23:40