Luke 20:10 — meaning, Hebrew and Greek word study, commentary
Luke 20:10
And at the season he sent a servant to the husbandmen, that they should give him of the fruit of the vineyard: but the husbandmen beat him, and sent him away empty.
set apart · verb — aorist active indicative, 3rd person singular
a servant
δοῦλονdoulon
G1401
a slave (literal or figurative · noun — accusative singular masculine
to
πρὸςpros
G4314
a preposition of direction · preposition
the husbandmen
γεωργοὺςgeōrgous
G1092
a land-worker · noun — accusative plural masculine
that
ἵναina
G2443
compare G3588 (ὁ)) · conjunction
they should give
δώσουσινdōsousin
G1325
to give (used in a very wide application · verb — future active indicative, 3rd person plural
him
αὐτῷ·autō
G846
the reflexive pronoun self · personal pronoun — dative singular masculine
of
ἀπὸapo
G575
"off · preposition
the fruit
καρποῦkarpou
G2590
fruit (as plucked) · noun — genitive singular masculine
of the vineyard
ἀμπελῶνοςampelōnos
G290
a vineyard · noun — genitive singular masculine
but
δὲde
G1161
but · conjunction
the husbandmen
γεωργοὶgeōrgoi
G1092
a land-worker · noun — nominative plural masculine
beat
δείραντεςdeirantes
G1194
properly · verb — aorist active participle, nominative plural masculine
him
αὐτὸνauton
G846
the reflexive pronoun self · personal pronoun — accusative singular masculine
and sent
ἐξαπέστειλανexapesteilan
G1821
to send away forth · verb — second aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural
away
ἐξαποστέλλωexapostéllō
G1821
to send away forth
empty
κενόν.kenon
G2756
empty (literally or figuratively) · adjective — accusative singular masculine
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).
Cross-references
2 Chronicles 36:15-16 And the LORD God of their fathers sent to them by his messengers, rising up betimes, and sending; because he had compassion on his people, a…
Nehemiah 9:26 Nevertheless they were disobedient, and rebelled against thee, and cast thy law behind their backs, and slew thy prophets which testified ag…
Matthew 21:34-36 And when the time of the fruit drew near, he sent his servants to the husbandmen, that they might receive the fruits of it.
Judges 6:8-10 That the LORD sent a prophet unto the children of Israel, which said unto them, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, I brought you up from Egy…
1 Kings 22:24 But Zedekiah the son of Chenaanah went near, and smote Micaiah on the cheek, and said, Which way went the Spirit of the LORD from me to spea…
2 Kings 17:13 Yet the LORD testified against Israel, and against Judah, by all the prophets, and by all the seers, saying, Turn ye from your evil ways, an…
2 Chronicles 16:10 Then Asa was wroth with the seer, and put him in a prison house; for he was in a rage with him because of this thing. And Asa oppressed some…
2 Chronicles 24:19-21 Yet he sent prophets to them, to bring them again unto the LORD; and they testified against them: but they would not give ear.
Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).
Commentary
Matthew Henry on Luke 20:9-19
Christ spoke this parable against those who were resolved not to own his authority, though the evidence of it was ever so full and convincing; and it comes very seasonably to show that by questioning his authority they forfeited their own. Their disowning the lord of their vineyard was a defeasance of their lease of the vineyard, and giving up of all their title.
I. The parable has nothing added here to what we had before in Matthew and Mark. The scope of it is to show that the Jewish nation, by persecuting the prophets, and at length Christ himself, had provoked God to take away from them all their church privileges, and to abandon them to ruin. It teaches us, 1. That those who enjoy the pr…
beat, &c.-- (Mat 21:35); that is, the prophets, extraordinary messengers raised up from time to time. (See on Mat 23:37.)
Adam Clarke on Luke 20:10
That they should give him of the fruit - The Hindoo corn-merchants, that have lent money to husbandmen, send persons in harvest-time to collect their share of the produce of the ground.
John Gill on Luke 20:10
And at the season,.... Or "when it the time of fruit", as the Ethiopic version renders it, agreeably to See Gill on Matthew 21:34,
he sent a servant to the husbandmen; or servants, as in Matthew 21:34; the prophets of the Lord, his messengers, whom he sent to them, to exhort them to bring forth the fruits of righteousness, as follows:
that they should give him of the fruit of the vineyard; that is, that they, bringing forth good fruit in their lives and conversations, whereby it might appear that they were trees of righteousness, and the planting of the Lord; he, or they observing them, might give an account of them to the Lord, to the glory of his name:
but the husbandmen beat him, and s…
But it is rightly written fruit, not increase. For there was no increase in this vineyard. The first servant sent was Moses, who for forty years sought of the husbandmen the fruit of the law which he had given, but he was wroth against them, for they provoked his spirit. Hence it follows, But they beat him, and sent him away empty.
He went away, but plainly he cared for his farm and kept it in his mind. He sent faithful servants to them at three different times to receive produce or fruit from the tillers of the vineyard. There was no period in the interval, during which there were not sent by God prophets and righteous men to admonish Israel and urge it to bring forth as fruits the glories of a life in accordance with the law. They still were wicked, disobedient and callous, and their heart was hardened against admonition so that they would in no way listen to the word that would have profited them.… Israel was guilty of the charge of apostasy and of idol worship. This is how they shamefully threw out those who were sent to them.
And in due season he sent a servant to the tenants to receive from them the fruit of the vineyard. But they beat him and sent him away empty-handed. Correctly, he placed the time of fruits, not of harvests. For no fruit existed from the Jews, no yield of this vineyard was found, even though it was often and diligently sought. Therefore, the servant who was first sent is understood to be the lawgiver Moses, who for forty continuous years sought some fruit of the law he had given from the tenants; but they beat him and sent him away empty-handed. For they provoked Moses in the camp, and Aaron, the holy one of the Lord. And Moses was vexed because of them, for they embittered his spirit. And this same servant clearly declares what he thinks of the fruit of the vineyard, saying in a song: "For their vine is from the vine of Sodom, and their branch from Gomorrah. Their grapes are grapes of gall, their clusters are bitter. The fury of dragons is their wine, and the cruel venom of asps" (Deut. 32).
The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).
Dictionary and topics
Capital And Labor · Strife between — Strife between
Debtor · UNCLASSIFIED SCRIPTURES RELATING TO — UNCLASSIFIED SCRIPTURES RELATING TO
Land · Leased — Leased
Lease · Of real estate — Of real estate
Malfeasance In Office · .The leasees of the vineyard, in one of the parables of Jesus — .The leasees of the vineyard, in one of the parables of Jesus
Renting · Land — Land
Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).
John Calvin on Luke 20:9-19
Luke 20:9-19
Matthew 21:33-46
Mark 21:1-12
Luke 20:9-19
33. Hear another parable: There was a certain householder, who planted a vineyard, and surrounded it by a ditch, and dug a wine-press in it, and built a tower, and let it to husbandmen, and went abroad, 34. And when the season of the fruits drew near, he sent his servants to the husbandmen, that they might receive its fruits. 35. And the husbandmen, having seized his servants, wounded one, killed another, and stoned another. 36. Again, he sent other servants more numerous [37] than the first, and they did to them in the same manner. 37. And last of all he sent to them his son, saying, They will reverence my son. 38. And when the hus…
the farmers attacked the servant: God’s prophets were often mistreated and opposed (1 Kgs 19:10, 14; 2 Chr 24:21; 36:16; Neh 9:26; Jer 2:30; 26:20-24; 37:15).
