Song of Solomon 4:15

A fountain of gardens, a well of living waters, and streams from Lebanon.

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Word by word — the Hebrew

Word	Hebrew	Strong’s	Meaning
fountain	מַעְיַ֣ן ma'.Yan	H4599	a fountain (also collectively) · noun, common masculine singular construct
gardens	גַּנִּ֔ים ga.Nim	H1588	a garden (as fenced) · noun, common both genders plural absolute
well	בְּאֵ֖ר be.'Er	H875	a pit · noun, common feminine singular construct
living	חַיִּ֑ים chai.Yim	H2416	alive · adjective, masculine plural absolute
waters	מַ֣יִם Ma.yim	H4325	water · noun, common masculine plural absolute
streams	וְנֹזְלִ֖ים ve.no.ze.Lim	H5140	to drip · conjunction + verb, qal active participle, masculine plural absolute
Lebanon	לְבָנֽוֹן le.va.Non	H3844	Lebanon · proper noun, a place name

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance (James Strong, 1890/1894), public domain; digitized by Open Scriptures (CC BY-SA). KJV word tagging: eBible.org (public domain). Original-language text, parsing and brief lexicon: STEPBible.org data from Tyndale House, Cambridge (CC BY 4.0).

Cross-references

John 4:10 Jesus answered and said unto her, If thou knewest the gift of God, and who it is that saith to thee, Give me to drink; thou wouldest have as…
John 4:14 But whosoever drinketh of the water that I shall give him shall never thirst; but the water that I shall give him shall be in him a well of…
John 7:38 He that believeth on me, as the scripture hath said, out of his belly shall flow rivers of living water.
Jeremiah 2:13 For my people have committed two evils; they have forsaken me the fountain of living waters, and hewed them out cisterns, broken cisterns, t…
Psalms 36:8-9 They shall be abundantly satisfied with the fatness of thy house; and thou shalt make them drink of the river of thy pleasures.
Psalms 46:4 There is a river, the streams whereof shall make glad the city of God, the holy place of the tabernacles of the most High.
Ecclesiastes 2:6 I made me pools of water, to water therewith the wood that bringeth forth trees:
Song of Solomon 4:12 A garden inclosed is my sister, my spouse; a spring shut up, a fountain sealed.

Cross-references from OpenBible.info (CC BY), in the lineage of the Treasury of Scripture Knowledge (public domain).

Commentary

John Gill on Song of Solomon 4:15

A fountain of gardens, a well of living waters, and streams from Lebanon. Some (c) take these words to be the words of Christ continued, speaking still of his church, and explaining and enlarging upon what he had said of her, Sol 4:12; but they are rather the words of the church; who, upon hearing herself commended, and knowing that all her fruitfulness, and the flourishing condition she was in, were owing to the grace of Christ, breaks forth in these words, and ascribes all to him, saying, "O fountain of gardens, O well of living waters", &c. for so the words may be rendered in the vocative case (d). By the "gardens" may be meant particular distinct churches, such as were gathered in the fi…

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Tyndale Open Study Notes on Song of Solomon 4:13-14

The man’s description of his lover now focuses on the most exquisite place of delight between her thighs.

Rashi on Song of Solomon 4:15

You are a garden spring. All this refers back to, “Your arid fields,” and he praises them like a fountain which irrigates them. The allegory is: It refers to the immersions of purification which the daughters of Yisroel immerse themselves. And flowing streams from Levanon. From a place of cleanliness, without the murkiness of mud.

Henry, Jamieson-Fausset-Brown, Clarke, Gill, Calvin and Keil & Delitzsch are in the public domain; Tyndale Open Study Notes © Tyndale House Publishers, CC BY-SA 4.0 — all from the Free Use Bible API (bible.helloao.org). Rashi: the Rosenbaum & Silbermann Pentateuch (public domain) and the Judaica Press and Metsudah Tanakh (CC BY), via Sefaria. Spurgeon's Treasury of David: public domain (lyteword's markdown edition, CC0).

The Church Fathers

Now who is the "fountain sealed," or who is signified by the "wellspring of living water"? It is the Savior himself, of whom it is written: "For with you is the fountain of life."
— Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechetical Lecture 14:5

Virtues are signified by the perfumes and the trees of Lebanon are the prophets. Myrrh and aloes, finally, demonstrate that the buried Christ communed with the saints who preceded him, for, descending to hades, he led them out.
— Cyril of Alexandria, FRAGMENTS IN THE COMMENTARY ON THE SONG OF SONGS 4:15

[This garden] also contains "a spring" and "a well of water alive and babbling from Lebanon." It contains not only the gospel teaching that flows openly but also the "well" of the law, which is "a well of water alive" that also holds hidden streams that babble, emit a sound and flow from Lebanon. The way of life according to the law blossomed in Jerusalem, which is figuratively called Lebanon, but this well changed direction toward the Lord's bride, the church, and though hidden, it flows with a babble and irrigates the orchard of the church.
— Theodoret of Cyrus, COMMENTARY ON THE SONG OF SONGS 4

The Church Fathers: public-domain translations (Ante-Nicene and Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers), verse-indexed by SermonIndex (CC BY 4.0).

Dictionary and topics

Forest — Heb. ya’ar, meaning a dense wood, from its luxuriance. Thus all the great primeval forests of Syria (Eccl. 2:6; Isa. 44:14; Jer. 5:6; Micah 5:8). The most extensive was the trans-Jordanic forest of…
Lebanon — White, “the white mountain of Syria,” is the loftiest and most celebrated mountain range in Syria. It is a branch running southward from the Caucasus, and at its lower end forking into two parallel…
Bridegroom · General references — General references
Gardens · Often refreshed by fountains — Often refreshed by fountains
Lebanon · Streams of — Streams of
Wells · Many supplied from Lebanon — Many supplied from Lebanon

Dictionary: Easton's (1897) and Smith's (1863), public domain. Topics: Nave's Topical Bible (1896) and Torrey's Topical Textbook (1897), public domain. Both as parsed by NEUU (CC BY 4.0).